Levinson Last Quiz

Adriatic Sea Territories

Were initially supposed to become part of Italy after WW1 but instead become part of Yugoslavia.

Russian Revolution

Inspired uprisings in Italy, like strikes and peasants taking control of land

Benito Mussolini

A former socialist whose beliefs eventually became nationalistic and founded the Fascist Party in 1919.

Problems Amid the Uprisings

Veteran unemployment, increasing taxes and split of government into 2 opposing factions.

Black Shirts

“Combat Squads” that aimed to squash socialist rallies and remove elected leftist officials.

March On Rome

The fascists made a bid for power in 1922 at a rally in Naples to demand that the government make changes.

King Victor Emmanuel III

The King of Italy that appointed Mussolini as the new prime minister only because he feared civil war, undermining constitutional democracy.

Mediterranean Sea

The body of water that fascists wanted to convert into the “Roman Lake”

Il Duce

A title meaning “The Leader” that Mussolini had taken to assume more power. He now suppressed rival parties muzzles the press, rigged elections and also replaced elected officials with fascists.

Fasces

A bundle of sticks around an axe used to symbolize authority in Ancient Rome.

Mussolini’s Economic Policy

The economy came under government control, but he still preserved capitalism. Although this benefited representatives of business, labor and government, the workers were forbidden to strike and consequentially suffered with low wages.

Mussolini’s Social Policies

The individual was considered unimportant except for being part of the state. Pro-Mussolini propaganda was shoved down the throats of every citizen.

Mussolini’s Expectations of Men

Should be ruthless when fighting for Italy.

Mussolini’s Expectations of Women

Should “win the battle of motherhood” by having as many children as possible (in order to produce the highest amount of soldiers).

Fascism

A system of government created by Mussolini, characterized by extreme nationalism, although its forms often vary from place to place.

Enemies of Fascists

Communists, socialists who tended to want global change as opposed to nationalistic goals

Totalitarianism

A form of government where the state holds absolute control over the nation (A more extreme form of authoritarianism).

Margherita G. Sarfatti

A woman who documented the almost God-like treatment Italian citizens were giving Mussolini as a result of propaganda

Totalitarian Government Political Similarities

A single party dictatorship, state control of the economy, police and spies to enforce the will of the single party

Totalitarian Government Social Similarities

Use of schools and media to indoctrinate children and citizens, strict censorship and government monopoly on media, unquestioning obedience to a single leader.

West’s Initial Reaction to Mussolini’s Gov.

Approved of the discipline and order of his government. “He got the trains running on time.“

Wests Later Reaction to Mussolini Gov.

Disapproved of foreign conquest and protested against his actions