OCT 5142 Head & Trunk: Musculoskeletal

Key Terms

Arthrokinematics

Movement pattern relative to bone to bone surface movement with joint; usually more internal

Axial skeleton

Bones along the vertical axis of the skeleton including the vertebral column, ribs, sternum, and skull

Axis of motion

Line around which an object rotates lying within the joint

Biomechanics

Study of movement

Cervical spine

Upper portion of vertebral column, formed by 7 cervical vertebrae

Closed chain-movement

Functional movements involving a distal segment (non-moving) that the proximal aspect of the joint moves together in relation to the fixed point

End-feel

Feel of a joint during passive range of motion at end range

Functional mobility

Process of moving the body from one position or place to another

Intra-abdominal pressure

Pressure generated in the abdominal area from contraction of the abdominals, diaphragm, and pelvic floor that stabilizes the lumbar spine

Isotonic

Muscle contraction that changes muscle length and produces joint motion

Isometric

Muscle contraction that does NOT change muscle length or produce joint motion

Kinesiology

Study of anatomical structures and mechanics relative to human movement

Lumbar spine

lowermost portion of the vertebral column formed by five lumbar vertebrae

Open-chain movement

Functional movements involving a proximal segment (non-moving) that the distal aspect of the joint moves together in relation to the fixed point

Osteokinematics

Movement of bones in relations to one another; usually more visible

Planes of motion

Fixed planes (sagittal, frontal, transverse) that segments of the human body move through or parallel to 

Radiculopathy

Compression of a spinal nerve root

Surface Anatomy

Palpable anatomy visible on the skin

Thoracic spine

Middle portion of the vertebral column, formed by twelve thoracic vertebrae

Trunk

Core of the body, including the back, abdomen, thorax (chest), and pelvis

Vertebral (spinal) column

The vertebrae that form the skeletal structure of the spine