ANAT 3001 Lecture 2 Content

Tissues

>Groups of similar cells that carry out a common function

>(i.e. epithelia, connective tissue, muscle and nervous tissue)

Epithelial tissue

>type of tissue that covers body surfaces (i.e. skin, body cavities, and internal lining of body cavities)

>Avascular (no blood supply)

>attached to basement membrane

Epithelial

All ___________ cells rest on a basement membrane

squamous, cuboidal, columnar

Shapes of epithelial tissue

simple, stratified, pseudostratified

Number of layers in epithelial tissues is classified as

Ciliated

Some epithelial cells are ___________, meaning they are covered in microscopic projections that look like tiny hairs

Simple squamous

Type of epithelia thats function is rapid diffusion and is located in the alveoli and capillaries

Simple cuboidal

Type of epithelia thats function is absorption and secretion and is located in the kidney tubules

non-ciliated simple columnar

Type of epithelia thats function is absorption and secretion and is located in the lining of digestive tract

ciliated simple columnar

Type of epithelia thats function is to secrete mucus and is located in the respiratory tract

non-keratinized stratified squamous

Type of epithelia thats function is protection and is located in the oral cavity and esophagus

keratinized stratified squamous

Type of epithelia thats function is protection and is located in the epidermis of the skin

stratified cubodial

Type of epithelia thats function is protection and secretion and is located in the ducts of exocrine glands

stratified columnar

Type of epithelia thats function is protection and secretion and is located in large duct of sweat glands (rare)

ciliated pseudostratified columnar

Type of epithelia thats function is secretion and movement of mucus and is located in the respiratory tract

transitional epithelium

Type of epithelia thats function is for distension and relaxation and is located in the urinary bladder

Connective tissue

diverse in type and found throughout the body; designed to support, protect and bind organs

Connective tissues

Examples of this type of tissues include connective tissue proper, cartilage, bone, blood

Connective Tissue Proper

examples of this type of tissue include loose connective tissue, dense irregular connective tissue, dense regular connective tissue

Connection

Functions of _____________ tissue: physical protection (bones), support and structural framework (bones, cartilage), bind structures together (ligaments, tendons, and connective tissue proper), storage of minerals and energy (bones, fat), transportation (blood), immune protection (blood)

cells, protein fibers, ground substances

Basic components of connective tissue

Collagen, elastic, reticular

Types of fibers

Collagen fibers

A type of fiber that is long, unbranched and composed of the protein collagen, strong and flexible, resist stretch but can be compressed, often form wavy bundles, and found in high numbers in tendons and ligaments

Elastic fibers

A type of fiber that is made of the protein elastin, flexible, stretch easily (and recoil), found in high numbers in the connective tissue of the lungs and in arteries

Reticular fibers

Contain same protein as collagen fibers but much thinner, form a mesh-like network that is flexible but tough, form scaffolding of support for lymph nodes, spleen and liver

protein fibers

Each type of connective tissue contains specific cell types. Most connective tissue also contains __________ ___________ (collagen, elastic reticular) and ground substance

Ground substance

a non-living material produced by the cells. It is formed mainly of proteins, carbohydrates and water, it can be solid, gelatinous or watery

Connective tissue proper

this type of tissue includes fibroblasts, adipocytes, and leukocutes; includes loose connective tissue and dense connective tissue

Fibroblasts

Produces fibers and ground substances

Leukocytes

cells for immune function

collagen, elastic, reticular

Fibers found within connective tissue proper

Fibroblasts

_________ synthesizes collagen fibers, elastic fibers, and reticular fibers

Loose (connective tissue)

Type of connective tissue that contains fewer cells and protein fibers than its counterpart; protein fibers are loosely arranged; example: adipose tissue;

Dense (connective tissue)

Type of connective tissue where protein fibers are compact, has high collagen fiber content, can be regular or irregular, found in ligaments and tendons, and the dermis of skin

Loose (connective tissue)

The hypodermis is an example of what type of connective tissue?

Dense Irregular (connective tissue)

the dermis and deep fascia are examples of what type of connective tissue?

Dense regualr (connective tissue)

tendons and ligaments are examples of what type of connective tissue?

Superficial (fascia)

What type of fascia is the loose connective tissue found in the hypodermis (contains fat)

Deep (fascia)

What type of fascia is the dense irregular connective tissue that covers separate skeletal muscles?

Connective tissue

Cartilage, bone and blood are types of what type of tissue?

Muscle tissue

a type of tissue that consists of specialized cells that contract in response to stimulation from nervous system

Muscle

________ cells shorten to produce movement and includes skeletal, cardiac and smooth

Smooth (Muscle)

a type of muscle that is spindle-shaped, non-striated, unbranched, central nucleus, involuntary, and slow

Skeletal (Muscle)

Type of muscle that is cylindrical, striated, unbranched, peripheral nucleus, voluntary, and fast

Cardiac (Muscle)

Type of muscle that is cylindrical, striated, branched, central nucleus, intercalated discs, involuntary, and fast

Nervous tissue

Type of tissue that consists of neurons and glial cells;

Neurons

_____________ conduct impulses for sensation, motor control, problem-solving, memory formation, and many other functions

Glial

________ cells support function of neurons in many ways