microlab

What does TSA stand for?

Tryptic Soy Agar

TSA is used to preferentially grow...because they prefer...as a food source?

bacteria, protein

Which media type is a "defined media"

Glucose minimal slats agar (GMS)

What does PDA stand for?

potato dextrose agar

PDA is used to grow... and feeds on...

fungi, and carbohydrates

Why do we flame the loop to the Bunsen burner before inoculating our plates with bacteria?

to sterilize the loop to prevent contamination

Why did we inoculate one quadrant of our environment sample plates with just a sterile swab?

to act as a control and show that our swabs and media were not contaminated

What is a pure culture?

an isolated single species of bacteria

Why do we heat-fix bacteria when we make a smear?

To make bacteria stick to the slide

What stain is used in the simple stain procedure?

crystal violet

The objective lens on our microscopes with the highest magnification is the...?

oil immersion lens

Which lens do you use when using the course focus?

scanning lens

What do we do both before and after we use the microscope?

Clean both the 40X and 100X lenses with the lens cleaner

After performing a Gram stain, what color should Gram-negative bacteria appear?

Red/pink

What happens during the mordant step of a Gram Stain?

iodine combines with crystal violet to form insoluble complexes that become trapped in the layers of peptidoglycan

If, after performing a Gram Stain, you saw with your microscope pink strands of spherical bacteria, what would they be called?

Gram-negative streptococci

If your gram positive control was pink after a Gram Stain, what occurred?

washed with alcohol too long and it started to break down the peptidoglycan, releasing crystal violet

which bacterial species is a spore former?

Clostridium perfringens

When a simple stain is used on a spore-forming bacterium, spores show up as?

a clear window

Organisms that grow optimally at moderate temperatures

Mesophiles

Organisms that grow at high temps are?

thermophiles

organisms that grow at cold tempatures are?

psychrophiles

grow at low pH?

acidophiles

grow at neutral pH (7)?

neutrophiles

grow at high pH?

alkaliphiles

require high salt concentrations?

halophiles

salt on equal sides

isotonic

require oxygen?

aerobes (top of tubes)

growth without oxygen?

growth without oxygen

with or without oxygen?

facultative anaerobes

What medium prevents oxygen from dissolving all the way at the bottom of a tube?

GMS

What is used during the counterstain step when performing a Gram stain?

safranin

Rod-shaped bacteria are called?

bacilli

Circular shaped bacteria are called?

cocci

line of circular shaped bacteria are called?

streptococci

grape like cluster or bacteria are called?

staphylococci

the objective lens on our microscope with the highest magnification is the?

oil immersion lens

What is used during the decolorization process when performing a Gram Stain?

alcohol

During which step of the Gram stain process do most errors occur?

decoloization

What happens during the mordant step of the Gram Stain?

Iodine combines with crystal violet to form insoluble complexes that become trapped in the layers of peptidoglycan

steps of the simple stain?

Solidifying agent?

Agar

Colony?

mass growth from reproducing microbes large enough to see

Autoclave

high pressure and high heat that no organism can survive.

Fungal colonies can usually be distinguished from bacterial colonies because fungal colonies are usually:

fuzzy

When performing an isolation streak plate, which streak is performed after touching the bacterial colony from the original plate?

first streak only

Which microscope part moves the specimen around?

mechanical stage

Which microscope part allows you to change magnification by changing objective lenses?

revolving nose piece

Which microscope part adjust the brightness of the specimen?

iris diaphragm

What is the total magnification of a specimen if the 10X objective lens is in position?

100x

Which objective lens should be in position while transporting the microscope?

4x

Which objective lens is also known as the high-dry lens?

40x

TSA is the most common medium in a microbiological lab and is classified as a _______ medium.

complex

Vitamins and minerals are important ingredients in media because organisms can use them as:

coenzymes and cofactors

Which staining procedure only uses one color of stain?

simple stain

what color is used for endospore stain?

malachite green

The Gram stain is an example of a:

differential stain

Which of the following has a cell wall consisting of a thin layer of peptidoglycan with an outer membrane?

gram negative

Which of the following is the counterstain for the Gram stain?

safranin

What does a mordant do?

It makes the primary stain stick tighter

If you do a simple stain or Gram stain on a culture that has endospores, then the spores will appear:

as windows

What is the mordant for the endospore stain?

heat for 5 min

Which type of bacteria lose their color during the decolorization step with alcohol?

gram negative

What is the decolorizer for the endospore stain?

water

After performing the endospore stain, the vegetative cells should be:

red/pink

After performing the endospore stain, any spores should be:

green

Bacterial spores are produced as a:

survival mechanisms

If your pet bacteria only grows at the top of the Fluid Thioglycolate tube, then you would classify it as a(n):

aerobe

What does a negative stain stick to?

background

What is the primary/negative stain used in the capsule stain?

congo red

After performing the capsule stain, how do the capsules appear?

colorless halo

What type of bacterium is the Acid-fast stain used to detect?

mycobacteria

What famous disease is caused by an acid-fast bacterium?

tuberculosis

Which type of medium contains chemicals that change color to indicate a particular reaction that has taken place?

differential

What type of bacteria does EMB agar select for?

gram negatives

Which bacterium is famous for producing a "green sheen" on EMB agar?

E. Coli

What color will a lactose fermenter produce on MAC agar?

pink

The mycolic acids found in mycobacteria are a type of

wax

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