Bio quiz

What hormone controls body temperature?

Thyroxine, produced by the thyroid gland.

Which part of the brain regulates body temperature?

The hypothalamus.

What does the glomerulus do?

Filters blood to form urine.

What is the function of Bowman’s Capsule?

Collects filtrate from the glomerulus.

What is the main function of the renal tubule?

Reabsorbs water, nutrients, and ions; secretes waste.

How does the Loop of Henle function in the nephron?

Creates a concentration gradient in the medulla for water reabsorption.

What is ADH and what is its function?

ADH (Antidiuretic Hormone) regulates water balance by increasing collecting duct permeability.

How do desert plants reduce water loss?

By having thick cuticles and closing stomata during hot days.

What is the difference between C4 and CAM plants?

C4 plants fix CO2 during the day, while CAM plants do it at night.

How does the body respond to heat?

Vasodilation and sweating increase heat loss.

What is one way the body responds to cold?

Vasoconstriction and shivering help conserve heat.

What are the phases of the menstrual cycle?

Follicular Phase, Ovulation, Luteal Phase.

What is HCG and what is its role during pregnancy?

HCG maintains progesterone production to prevent menstruation.

How does insulin affect blood sugar levels?

Insulin lowers blood sugar by facilitating glucose uptake.

What does glucagon do?

Raises blood sugar levels by promoting glucose release from the liver.

What are the functions of estrogens?

Promote female characteristics and regulate the menstrual cycle.

What triggers ovulation?

A surge in Luteinizing Hormone (LH).

What occurs during spermatogenesis?

Production of sperm in testes, resulting in four viable sperm.

What are the parts of a human egg?

Cytoplasm, Nucleus, Zona Pellucida, Cell Membrane, Corona Radiata.

How does the body carry out excretion?

Through kidneys (urine) and lungs (CO2) to remove waste.

How does excretion compare between multicellular and single-celled organisms?

Single-celled organisms excrete waste via simple diffusion without specialized organs.