Caral: an ancient South American city

mound

a large pile of earth, stones, etc. like a small hill

immense

extremely large in size or degree

arid

very dry and without enough rain for plants

deceive

to persuade someone that something false is the truth, or to keep the truth hidden from someone for your own advantage ) deceive someone into doing sth

monumental

very big

advent

the fact of an event happening, an invention being made, or a person arriving

remnant

a small piece or amount of something that is left from a larger original piece or amount

reed

any of various types of tall, stiff plants like grasses growing together in groups near water

surmise

to guess something, without having much or any proof

quarry

a large artificial hole in the ground where stone, sand, etc. is dug for use as building material 

scope

the range of a subject covered by a book, programme, discussion, class, etc.

terrace

a flat raised area

manual laborers

a person who performs physical work using their hands, tools, or machinery

amphitheater

a circular or oval area of ground around which rows of seats are arranged on a steep slope, for watching plays, sports, etc. outside

hierarchy

a system in which people or things are arranged according to their importance

divert

to cause something or someone to change direction

irrigate

to supply land with water so that crops and plants will grow

maize

leverage

the power to influence results ( act as an advantage) /to use something to maximum advantage

In essence

về bản chất

flotation

an occasion when a company's shares are sold to the public for the first time