New England Colonies

Which of the 13 colonies are New England Colonies

• Massachusetts

• Connecticut

• Rhode Island

• New Hampshire

Climate of Massachusetts

Harsh winters, warm summers

Climate of Connecticut

Cold winters, mild summers

Climate of Rhode Island

Hot humid summers; cold snowy winters

Overall climate

Long cold winters, lots of snow (soil takes long time to thaw- impacts planting), short summers, short growing season

Geography of Massachusetts

Sandy coast with good ports, rich pastures, forests

Geography of Rhode Island

Coastal lowlands; flat, rocky woodlands

Geography of Connecticut

Forested hills, sea coast

Overall geography

Thin rocky soil (terrible soil), mountains jagged coast lines, richest fishing coastlines in the world

Starting (why) of Massachusetts

Pilgrims escaping religious persecution

Starting (why) of Rhode Island

People seeking religious freedom

Starting (why) of Connecticut

Puritans seeking a new settlement

Founders of Massachusetts

Puritans: John Winthrop (city upon a hill)

Pilgrims: William Bradford

Founders of Rhode Island

Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson

Founders of Connecticut

Thomas Hooker

Roger Williams

-Didn’t think it was right to take American Indians land

-Providence land

Anne Hutchinson

Was banished (not a women fit for society) religious dissident ( disagreed) with religion. Went to Rhode Island

Thomas Hooker

Helped write the fundamental orders of Connecticut (first written constitution in America)

Economy of Massachusetts

Crop and livestock farming, lumbering shops shipping

Economy of Rhode Island

Farming (large cattle ad dairy farms) lumbering, shipbuilding, fishing, whaling, trade

Economy of Connecticut

Farming ( crops and livestock) shipbuilding, fishing, whaling

Overall economy

• People could make more money selling wool than food (led to food shortages)

• With the help of local natives, colonists got the hang of fishing, hunting, and farming

  Fish= most valuable export

• Growing rum industry

• Major ship builders (1/3 of British commercial ships built in New England)

• Ships= fishing

• Subsistence farming

• Abundant lumber

• Fur trade

• Merchants

• Port of Boston could send ships in and out (trade)

• People had shops

What was the most valuable export

Fish

What made more money selling wool or food

Wool ( led to food shortages)

They were major _____

Shipbuilders

Slavery in this region (Rhode Island)

Rhode Island made lots of money from human trafficking

Slavery in this region (overall)

• New England would later become known for its abolitionist leaders and its role in helping formerly enslaved southern black slaves

• Common for enslaved people to learn specialized skills and crafts due to economy

• Slower to accept African slavery

• Enslaved and shipped local Native Americans to the West Indies

• Indentured Servants

What are Indentured Servants

People voluntarily working off debts ( usually signing a contract to preform slave level labor for 4-7 years)

Who could New England trade with

England