Management and planning + organisation

What is planning

Determining organisations goals and the means to achieve them

What is organising

allocating tasks and coordinating people/tools to achieve the goal

What is controlling

To monitor performance and correct errors

What is leading

to influence/ motive employees towards goal attainment

What is a mission statement

Companies overall goal

what is strategic planning

defining the companies long term market position

What is tactical planning

middle management actions that align departmental activity to organisations goals

What is zaras mission statement

“to give customers what they want and as quickly as possible”

What is Zara’s STO

Strategic: fast fashion leadership through speed

Tactical: adjust product lines with sales data

Operational: restock stores twice weekly

What is organisation?

Deciding who does what and creating a structure to coordinate people and their tasks.

What is work specialisation

to break down a big, complex job into smaller tasks where employees specialise.

Advantages of work specialisation

highly efficient, expertise in skills, easier training

Disadvantages of work specialisation

boredom/ demotivation,

What is chain of command

the line of authority showing who reports to whom

What is unity of command

each employee should only report to one supervisor

Why is unity of command important

prevents conflict, confusion, miscommunication, unclear priorities

what is the scalar principle

a clear line of authority from highest to lowest

what is authority

the formal right to make decisions and instructions

what is accountability

being answerable to the final outcome

what is delegation

transferring authority and responsibility from manager to subordinate

why is delegation useful

reduces burden for manager, develops employees skills, increases motivation

what is span of management

the number of employees reporting to one supervisor

tall vs flat structure

tall: many levels/narrow span

flat: fewer levels/wide span

centralisation vs decentralisation

centralisation: decisions make at the top

decentralisation: decisions pushed to lower levels