L.A. FINAL REVIEW

Simile

a comparison made using the words “like” or “as”

Metaphor

a comparison made not using “like” or “as”

Imagery

pictures or sensations in your mind as you read

Theme

the message of the piece; main idea

POV

the person in which is speaking in a story; 1st person, “i” “me”; 2nd person, “you”; 3rd person, “she” “he” “her’s” “his”

Symbol

something in the story that represents a broader concept

Indirect Characterization

whenever the author describes a character by showing the reader

Direct Characterization

whenever the author describes a character by telling the reader

Setting

where a piece takes place

Plot Diagram

a diagram that represents the rise and fall of a plot; includes major plot points (ie. exposition, inciting action, rising action, climax, falling action, resolution, etc.)

Dialogue

when a character speaks; “I’m so bored.” He stated.

Round Character

has multiple areas of their personality; he was kind to others but when alone, he was serious and gloomy

Flat Character

has only one plane to their personality; he was always kind.

Dynamic Character

their personality changes throughout the story; character development

Static Character

their personality stayed the same throughout the story; no development

Tone

the way in which a character speaks or the author writes; happy tone, sad tone, indifferent tone

Twist Ending

whenever something happens at the end of a story that was not expected; they both loved each other and wished to get married, she got stabbed in the square by a Roman leader

Types of Conflict

person vs. person; person vs. society; person vs. self; person vs. supernatural; person vs. nature; person vs. fate

What is the purpose of formal writing?

to inform a professional audience about the stated topic in a clear and concise way

What is the purpose of a thesis statement?

to state the topic of the article and to tell of the major points that will be discussed in the article

What is the purpose of a topic sentence?

to state the overall topic of the entire article

How should writers organize their claims and analysis?

first: intro with thesis statement; second: body paragraphs arranged with evidence first then the analysis; third; conclusion

What are components of good writing?

No contractions, good transitions, great analyses, good examples, good diction, etc.

Are contractions allowed in formal writing?

NO

Onomatopoeia

the word is a sound

Allusion

a reference to another piece

Foreshadowing

hints from the author about what will happen next

Hyperbole

extreme exaggeration

Irony

the difference between what is said and what is meant (verbal); the difference between what the character knows and what the audience knows (dramatic); the difference between what was expected to happen and what is happening (situational)

Cliche

common story form

Tension

anticipation in the story

Alliteration

repeated sounds or letters at the beginning of words

Rhyme

repeated sounds or letter at the end of words

Personification

giving human traits to non-human things

Juxtaposition

Putting unlike things together- jumbo shrimp

Foil

Juxtaposition with characters

Diction

the author’s word choice and the effect it has

How do you respond to this question?; How does Connell use foreshadowing during the story?

The author using literary device to achieve this effect; ie: Connell uses the unknown animal scream to foreshadow Zaroff’s crazy hunting. This primes readers to know that danger is on the island.

What is the basic outline for an analysis essay?

Hook, Thesis… transition, evidence one, explain, evidence two, explain, tied together, … (repeat for as many paragraphs needed)… transition, conclusion

Protagonist

main character

Antagonist

protagonist’s opposition

Plot

the events and action of the story

What are the parts of a plot diagram? (bullet points)

1. exposition

2. inciting incident

3. rising action

4. climax

5. falling action

6. resolution

How do you cite sources?

“Quote” (Author’s last name and page #).

What are the main areas in an essay rubric? (bullet points)

1. Focus

2. Organization

3. Support

4. Integration

5. Conventions

Line

the essential unit of poetry

Stanza

A collection of lines in a poem

Break

where a line or stanza ends and the next one begins

Enjambment

when a sentence continues at the end of one line into the next line

Speaker

the person or thing talking

Couplet

a two-line stanza

Tercet

a three-line stanza

Quatrain

A four-line stanza

Rhyme Scheme

the ways the rhymes are layed out

Free Verse

a poem that doesn’t rhyme and doesn’t have a meter

Sonnet

a fourteen line poem usually about love

Ode

A poem in praise of something or someone

Slam Poetry

poems meant to be read out loud rather than read

Visual Poetry

A poem whose lay-out on the page is critical to it’s message

What three steps are there in poetry analysis? (bullet points)

1. What is physically happening?

2. What literary devices and poetry terms are used?

3. What message is the poem trying to communicate?

What is a sentence fragment?

a group of words that does not express a complete thought

What is a complete sentence?

a group of words that express a complete thought; has a subject and predicate

What is a run-on sentence?

two or more sentences that are written as one sentence are separated by a comma or no mark or punctuation at all

Subject

person, place, thing, or idea that the sentence is about

Predicate

tells you something about the subject

Complete Subject

ALL the words used to identify the subject

Complete Predicate

ALL the words that tell something about the subject

Simple Subject

the main word in the complete subject

Simple Predicate

the verb

Compound Subject

two or more subjects in one sentence that have the same verb

Compound Predicate

two or more predicates in one sentence that have the same subject

Understood Subject

understood you; an understood subject or a sentence when a command or request is made

Noun

person, place, thing, or idea

Verb

an action word

Adjective

a describing word; modifies a noun

Adverb

a describing word that modifies a verb, adjective, or adverb

Prepositions

a word that shows the relationship between a noun or pronoun and another word in the sentence; for, to, in, of, about, above

Prepositional Phrases

a phrase that contains a preposition and it’s object

Conjuctions

connects or groups words

Interjections

usually comes at the beginning of a sentence; a word or phrase that is abrupt and shows feelings

Helping Verbs

be, have, do, etc.

Inverted Order

verb comes before suject

Action Verb

tells what action the subject is preforming

Linking Verb

links the subject with another word in the sentence; renames or describes

Transitive and Intransitive Verbs

only with action verbs; after the verb, ask what or whom?

Direct Object

a noun or pronoun that receives that action of the verb

Indirect Object

answers the question, to/for whom/what? after an action verb. Cannot exist without a direct object

Predicate Nominative

is a noun or pronoun that follows a linking verb; follows, renames, or explains

Predicative Adjective

follows a linking verb; modifies subject