Woodwind Exam - Instrumental Tech

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List the 4 kinds of Saxophones talked about in order from highest to lowest. (With key)

1. Soprano Sax - Bb

2. Alto Sax - Eb

3. Tenor Sax - Bb

4. Baritone Sax - Eb

What are 3 ways the air vibrates in woodwind instruments?

1. Single reed vibrates

2. Double reed vibrates

3. Air spins in instrument

List 2 facts about woodwind reeds. (3)

1. Some can be double reed

2. Numbered differently

3. (Extra) - Climate affects them

List the 9 woodwind instruments in order from highest sounding to lowest.

1. Piccolo

2. Flute

3. Oboe

4. Bb Clarinet

5. Alto Saxophone

6. Alto Saxophone

7. Tenor Saxophone

8. Bass Clarinet

9. Baritone Bassoon

What are rudiments? (percussion)

The basic mechanics of percussion playing.

Name 3 Basic rudiments (percussion)

1. Paradiddle

2. Single Stroke

3. 9-stroke roll

What are the extra keys for in woodwind instruments? (4)

1. Chromatic notes/extending the range

   Notes in between the 6-hole scale)

2. Extend the range lower

3. Extend the range higher

4. Bridge the gap between octave4

List the 4 types of clarinets.

1. Bb clarinet

2. Eb clarinet

3. Bass clarinet

4. Contra-Bass

The double reed instrument holds the reed with their jaw (Rewording) Lips?

True

Cold makes the instrument?

Sharp

Warm makes the instrument?

Flat

Loose embouchure makes the note?

Flat

Firm embouchure makes the note?

Sharp

List the main tuning adjustment sections for the flute, sax, oboe, & clarinet (4)

1. Flute - Head Joint

2. Sax - Mouth Piece

3. Oboe - Embouchure

4. Clarinet - Middle Joint

Is the Bassoon the only woodwind instrument in bass clef?

Yes

What is a paradiddle? (Percussion)

RLRR or LRLL

What is the difference between traditional and matched grip?

Traditional - One palm facing up, one palm facing down

Matched - Palms facing downward

What is a bocal?

A part of the Bassoon - What the reed gets connected to (metal pipe)

Pulling out makes the instrument?

Flat

Pushing in makes the instrument?

Sharp

What does “half hole” mean in terms of the oboe?

A way to adjust notes.

What is the concert pitch & sounding pitch of the Piccolo?

Concert pitch (sounding) = Same pitch

Written pitch = Down an octave

What is the concert pitch & sounding pitch of the Flute and Oboe?

Concert pitch (sounding) = Same pitch

Written pitch = Same pitch

What is the concert pitch & sounding pitch of the Bassoon?

Concert pitch (sounding) = Same pitch

Written pitch = Same pitch

What is the concert pitch & sounding pitch of the Clarinet?

Concert pitch (sounding) = Sounds a major 2nd up

Written = Up a major 2nd

What is the concert pitch & sounding pitch of the Bass Clarinet & Tenor Sax?

Concert pitch (sounding) = Up a major 2nd

Written = Sounds a major 2nd up + an octave

What is the concert pitch & sounding pitch of the Baritone Saxophone?

Concert pitch (sounding) = Up a major 6th

Written = Sounds up a major 6th + an octave

What is the concert pitch & sounding pitch of the Alto Sax?

Concert Pitch (sounding) = Up a major 6th

Written = sounds up a major 6th

How do you transpose the concert pitch in a Bb clarinet?

Interval up of a M2

Ex: Bb (concert pitch) = C

How do you transpose the concert pitch in a Eb Alto Sax?

Interval up of a M6

Ex: A (concert pitch) = F#

What are the 5 Flute parts? (Bonus)

1. Crown

2. Headjoint

3. Lip-Plate

4. Footjoint

5. Body

What are 2 embouchure facts? (Bonus)

1. Flat chin is needed

2. Firm corners are needed

Why is a flute called a woodwind?

Originally made out of wood and the reed vibrates.

Why is the Clarinet a woodwind? (2)

1. Made out of wood

2. Reed vibrates.

Why is the Saxophone a woodwind?

The saxophone isn’t made of wood but the reed vibrates.

What are the 3 ways to vibrate air?

1. Edge of mouth-piece

2. Single reed vibrates agains the mouth piece

3. Double reeds vibrates against each-other

What instruments use the edge of the mouth-piece to vibrate air? (2)

1. Flute

2. Piccolo

What instruments use the single reed to vibrate the mouth piece? (2)

1. Clarinets

2. Saxophones

What instrument uses the double reed to vibrate against each-other? (2)

1. Oboe

2. Bassoon

How do woodwind instruments change notes?

By adding & removing fingers to make the pipe longer and shorter

What key is the 6 tone-hole for the flute, oboe, & saxophone?

D Major (What key plays when not covering any holes)

What key is the basic 6 tone-hole for the clarinet and bassoon?

G Major (What key plays when not covering any holes)

What are the extra keys in a Clarinet called?

Throat tones, and pinky keys

What are 2 qualities of the Bb Soprano Saxophone?

1. Pitched in Bb

2. Percy Granger is known to use this

What are 2 qualities of the Eb Alto Sax?

1. Pitched in Eb

2. Most standard saxophone for a beginner

What are 2 qualities for the Bb Tenor Sax?

1. Pitched in Bb

2. Sounds an octave below written note

What are 3 qualities for the Eb Baritone Sax?

1. Pitched in Eb

2. Sounds an octave lower than the alto sax

3. Plays tuba parts

What is an embouchure?

Muscles around your mouth

What are 2 embouchure qualities for clarinet?

1. Flat chin

2. Corners firm

What are 2 embouchure qualities for flute?

1. Lips together - “say em”

2. Head joint parallel to lips

What are 2 embouchure qualities for the sax?

1. Flat chin

2. Drawstring concept - equal pressure from each side.

What are 2 embouchure qualities for double reeds?

1. Top lip forms cushions over top teeth

2. Flat chin

What are 2 embouchure qualities for reeds?

1. Reeds vary between #’s

2. The higher the #, the thicker the reed

What happens when you play flute & brass really loud?

The instrument gets sharp

What happens when you play single reeds louder?

The instrument gets flat

What happens when the length of the instrument is longer?

The sound of the instrument gets lower

What happens when a reed is stiff?

It gets sharp

What happens when a reed is soft?

It gets flat

What happens when the embouchure is loose?

The instrument sounds flat

What happens when the embouchure is tight?

The instrument sounds sharp

What are 4 qualities of vibrato in woodwinds?

1. Enhances tone

2. Provides expression

3. Diaphragm vibrato is preferred

4. Change of speed w/ phrasing