Cam 20 test 4 passage 3

livestock
/'laɪvstɒk/

gia súc
= farm animals, cattle, domesticated animals
Eg: Farmers raise livestock for food and income.

livestock guard dog
/ˈlaɪvstɒk ɡɑːd dɒɡ/

chó bảo vệ gia súc
= a dog specifically trained to protect farm animals
Eg: The livestock guard dog scared the wolves away.

predator
/ˈprɛdətə/

động vật săn mồi
= an animal that hunts and eats other animals
Eg: The wolf is a natural predator.

shepherd
/ˈʃepəd/

người chăn cừu
= a person who tends and rears sheep
Eg: The shepherd watched over the flock all day.

exterminate
/ɪkˈstɜːmɪneɪt/

tiêu diệt hoàn toàn
= eliminate, eradicate, wipe out
Eg: Farmers should not exterminate all predators.

widespread
/ˈwaɪdsprɛd/

phổ biến rộng rãi
= common, prevalent, pervasive
Eg: The practice became widespread across the country.

unexpected
/ˌʌnɪkˈspɛktɪd/

bất ngờ
= unpredictable, unanticipated, surprising
Eg: The storm caused unexpected damage.

revival
/rɪˈvaɪvəl/

sự hồi sinh
= comeback, return, renewal
Eg: The project led to the revival of local wildlife.

breed
/briːd/

giống chó, giống loài
= type, kind, species
Eg: This breed is known for its intelligence.

on duty
/ɒn ˈdjuːti/

làm nhiệm vụ
= working, active, serving
Eg: The dogs remain on duty throughout the night.

raise
/reɪz/

nuôi dưỡng
= bring up, care for, rear
Eg: They raise sheep on the farm.

eventually
/ɪˈvɛnʧuəli/

cuối cùng
= in the end, finally, ultimately
Eg: He eventually found a better solution.

threat
/θrɛt/

mối đe dọa
= danger, risk, menace
Eg: Wolves can pose a threat to livestock.

bark
/bɑːk/

sủa
= the loud, rough noise that a dog and some other animals make to communicate or warn
Eg: The dog began to bark loudly.

chase away
/ʧeɪs əˈweɪ/

đuổi đi
= drive off, scare away, force out
Eg: The guard dogs chased away the predators.

mere presence
/mɪə ˈprɛzəns/

chỉ riêng sự hiện diện
= the fact of being present, just being there
Eg: The mere presence of the dog discouraged wolves.

sufficient
/səˈfɪʃənt/

đủ
= enough, adequate, satisfactory
Eg: We have sufficient food for everyone.

initial
/ɪˈnɪʃəl/

ban đầu
= first, early, primary
Eg: The initial results were encouraging.

fluffy
/ˈflʌfi/

xù lông, bông xốp
= soft, downy, furry
Eg: The puppy had fluffy white fur.

puppy
/ˈpʌpi/

chó con
= a young dog
Eg: The puppy followed its owner everywhere.

affection
/əˈfɛkʃən/

sự yêu mến
= fondness, tenderness, warmth
Eg: The children showed affection for the puppy.

porch
/pɔːʧ/

hiên nhà
= veranda, stoop, patio
Eg: The dog slept on the porch.

evidence
/ˈɛvɪdəns/

bằng chứng
= the facts, signs or objects that make you believe that something is true (= proof)
Eg: There is clear evidence of animal attacks.

indicate
/ˈɪndɪkeɪt/

cho thấy
= show, point to, suggest
Eg: The results indicate a positive trend.

biologist
/baɪˈɒləʤɪst/

nhà sinh học
= scientist who studies living things (bio-= life)
Eg: The biologist studied wolf behavior.

participate in
/pɑːˈtɪsɪpeɪt ɪn/

tham gia vào
= take part in, engage in, join
Eg: Many farmers participated in the study.

herd
/hɜːd/

đàn gia súc
= a group of animals of the same type that live and feed together, flock, drove
Eg: The herd grazed peacefully.

rate
/reɪt/

tỷ lệ
= evaluate, judge, assess
Eg: The success rate improved significantly.

performance
/pəˈfɔːməns/

hiệu quả hoạt động
= effectiveness, functioning, ability
Eg: The dogs' performance exceeded expectations.

herder
/ˈhɜːdə/

người chăn gia súc
= animal keeper, shepherd, stockman
Eg: The herder moved the cattle to safer ground.

predation
/prɪˈdeɪʃən/

sự săn mồi
= the act of an animal killing and eating other animals (pred-= hunt)
Eg: Predation decreased after guard dogs were introduced.

manage
/ˈmænɪʤ/

quản lý
= handle, control, supervise
Eg: She manages a large cattle farm.

efficient
/ɪˈfɪʃənt/

hiệu quả
= effective, productive
Eg: This method is more efficient than the old one.

method
/ˈmɛθəd/

phương pháp
= technique, approach, way
Eg: Scientists developed a new method to protect livestock.

in terms of
/ɪn tɜːmz ɒv/

xét về, về mặt
= regarding, with respect to, concerning
Eg: The project was successful in terms of cost.

amount
/əˈmaʊnt/

số lượng
= quantity, number, volume
Eg: A large amount of data was collected.

save from
/seɪv frɒm/

cứu khỏi
= protect from, shield from, guard against
Eg: The fence saved the sheep from predators.

preserve
/prɪˈzɜːv/

bảo tồn
= protect, conserve, safeguard
Eg: We should preserve natural habitats.

reduction
/rɪˈdʌkʃən/

sự giảm bớt
= decrease, decline, diminution
Eg: The reduction in attacks benefited farmers.

tolerant
/ˈtɒlərənt/

khoan dung, chấp nhận được
= accepting, patient, understanding
Eg: People should be more tolerant of different opinions.

ground
/ɡraʊnd/

dựa trên
= an agreed area of knowledge or experience, shared basis, mutual understanding
Eg: They found common ground after the discussion.

perspective
/pəˈspɛktɪv/

quan điểm
= viewpoint, standpoint, angle (spec-= look)
Eg: Try to see the issue from another perspective.

conservation
/ˌkɒnsəˈveɪʃən/

sự bảo tồn
= protection, preservation, safeguarding
Eg: Conservation benefits both people and wildlife.

rancher
/ˈrɑːnʧə/

chủ trang trại chăn nuôi
= cattle farmer, livestock keeper, herder
Eg: The rancher invested in guard dogs.

make a call
/meɪk ə kɔːl/

đưa ra quyết định
= place a phone call, phone, dial
Eg: The manager had to make a call quickly.

permit
/ˈpɜːmɪt/

cho phép
= authorization, license, approval
Eg: The law permits farmers to protect their livestock.

published
/ˈpʌblɪʃt/

được công bố
= made public, issued, released
Eg: The research was published last year.

self-reported
/sɛlf-rɪˈpɔːtɪd/

tự báo cáo
= provided by the person themselves, without external verification
Eg: The survey relied on self-reported data.

with a pinch of salt
/wɪð ə pɪnʧ ɒv sɔːlt/

tiếp nhận một cách dè dặt
= with doubt, skeptically, cautiously
Eg: You should take those claims with a pinch of salt.

what's more
/wɒts mɔː/

hơn nữa
= also, besides, in addition
Eg: The plan is affordable; what's more, it is effective.

merely
/ˈmɪəli/

chỉ đơn thuần
= only, just, simply
Eg: He was merely asking a question.

displace
/dɪsˈpleɪs/

đẩy đi nơi khác
= move, shift, drive away
Eg: Floods displaced many wild animals.

unprotected
/ˌʌnprəˈtɛktɪd/

không được bảo vệ
= unguarded, insecure, defenseless
Eg: Unprotected livestock are easy targets.

property
/ˈprɒpəti/

tài sản
= premises, private land, estate
Eg: The fence marked the edge of the property.

fate
/feɪt/

số phận
= destiny, fortune, future
Eg: The animals' fate depended on the weather.

transfer
/trænsˈfɜː/

chuyển giao
= move, shift, redirect
Eg: The project was transferred to another team.

pressure
/ˈprɛʃə/

áp lực
= stress, force, strain
Eg: Farmers face economic pressure every year.

poison
/ˈpɔɪzən/

thuốc độc
= toxic substance, toxin, venom
Eg: Some people illegally use poison to kill predators.

entire
/ɪnˈtaɪə/

toàn bộ
= whole, complete, all
Eg: The entire village supported the project.

pack
/pæk/

bầy đàn
= group of hunting animals, often wolves or dogs
Eg: A pack of wolves was seen nearby.

unintended
/ˌʌnɪnˈtɛndɪd/

ngoài ý muốn
= unplanned, accidental, inadvertent
Eg: The policy had unintended consequences.

ecological
/ˌiːkəˈlɒdʒɪkl/

thuộc sinh thái học
= relating to the relationships between living organisms and their environment
Eg: The ecological balance must be protected.

extent
/ɪkˈstent/

mức độ
= scope, range, degree
Eg: Scientists measured the extent of the damage.

consequence
/ˈkɒnsɪkwəns/

hậu quả
= result, outcome, repercussion
Eg: Every action has its consequences.

in spite of
/ɪn spaɪt ɒv/

mặc dù
= despite, regardless of, notwithstanding
Eg: In spite of the rain, they continued working.

obtain
/əbˈteɪn/

thu được
= acquire, gain, get
Eg: Researchers obtained valuable data from the study.

cheetah
/ˈtʃiːtə/

báo gê-pa
= a wild animal of the cat family that has black spots and that runs very fast
Eg: The cheetah is the fastest land animal.

jackal
/ˈdʒækəl/

chó rừng
= a wild carnivorous animal like a dog that eats the meat of animals that are already dead and is found in Africa and Asia
Eg: A jackal searched for food at night.

ecological
/ˌiːkəˈlɒʤɪkəl/

thuộc sinh thái học
= relating to the relationships between living organisms and their environment
Eg: Ecological balance is essential for healthy ecosystems.

compete
/kəmˈpiːt/

cạnh tranh
= rival, fight, oppose
Eg: Lions and hyenas compete for food.

carnivore
/ˈkɑːnɪvɔː/

động vật ăn thịt
= a meat-eating animal
Eg: The tiger is a carnivore.

prey
/preɪ/

con mồi
= animals hunted or eaten by predators
Eg: Deer are common prey for wolves.

consequence
/ˈkɒnsɪkwəns/

hậu quả
= result, outcome, effect (sequ-= follow)
Eg: Climate change has serious consequences.

deliver
/dɪˈlɪvə/

mang lại
= give, provide, produce
Eg: The project delivered positive results.

vulnerable
/ˈvʌlnərəbəl/

dễ bị tổn thương
= susceptible, at risk, unprotected
Eg: Young animals are especially vulnerable to predators.

raid
/reɪd/

tấn công, cướp phá
= attack, invade, assault
Eg: Wolves raided the sheep enclosure at night.

biodiversity
/ˌbaɪəʊdaɪˈvɜːsəti/

đa dạng sinh học
= the existence of a large number of different kinds of animals and plants which make a balanced environment (bio-= life)
Eg: Protecting biodiversity benefits everyone.

refuge
/ˈrɛfjuːʤ/

nơi trú ẩn
= protection zone, shelter, safe haven
Eg: The forest provides a refuge for endangered animals.

promote
/prəˈməʊt/

thúc đẩy
= encourage, support, foster
Eg: The campaign promotes wildlife conservation.

harmonious
/hɑːˈməʊniəs/

hài hòa
= friendly, peaceful, pleasing
Eg: They hope to build a harmonious relationship with nature.

coexistence
/ˌkəʊɪɡˈzɪstəns/

cùng tồn tại
= living together peacefully at the same time or place (co-= with, together)
Eg: Humans and wildlife can achieve peaceful coexistence.