Chemical Reactions and Oxidation-Reduction Lecture Notes

A set of vocabulary flashcards based on lecture notes covering chemical reaction types, redox processes, double displacement reactions, corrosion, rancidity, and chemical versus physical changes.

Oxidation

A process involving the gain of oxygen or the loss of hydrogen.

Reduction

A process involving the gain of hydrogen or the loss of oxygen.

Redox Reaction

A chemical reaction in which both oxidation and reduction occur simultaneously.

Double Displacement Reaction

A chemical reaction characterized by the exchange of ions between the reactants.

Photochemical Decomposition

A decomposition reaction that is driven by light energy.

Electrolytic Decomposition

A decomposition reaction that is driven by electrical energy.

Barium Sulfate Precipitate ($BaSO_4$)

A white precipitate formed from the double displacement reaction between sodium sulfate ($Na_2SO_4$) and barium chloride ($BaCl_2$).

Lead Iodide Precipitate ($PbI_2$)

A yellow precipitate formed from the double displacement reaction between colourless lead nitrate ($Pb(NO_3)_2$) and potassium iodide ($KI$).

Corrosion

The degradation of a metal through chemical processes such as rusting, which serves as an example of oxidation.

Tarnishing of Copper

An oxidation process where copper changes color from red to green.

Tarnishing of Silver

An oxidation process where silver changes color from grey to black.

Oxidation of Copper

The thermal reaction where red/brown copper combines with oxygen to produce black copper oxide ($CuO$).

Rancidity

The process by which oil or fat-containing food gets spoiled when left exposed to air.

Prevention of Rancidity

Methods used to slow down or prevent the spoilage of fatty foods, including adding antioxidants, storing in air-tight containers, or using nitrogen gas ($N_2$).

Chemical Change

A change in matter that results in the formation of a new chemical substance.

Physical Change

A change in matter where no new chemical substance is formed.