Human Anatomy and Muscle Functions

A collection of vocabulary flashcards covering the major muscles of the human body and their primary physiological functions based on the lecture notes.

Deltoid (Anterior)

Responsible for shoulder flexion, abduction, horizontal flexion, and internal rotation.

Deltoid (Lateral)

Responsible for shoulder abduction.

Deltoid (Posterior)

Responsible for shoulder extension, horizontal extension, abduction, stability, and external rotation.

Biceps Brachii

Responsible for elbow flexion, forearm supination, and shoulder flexion.

Triceps Brachii (Lateral Head)

Responsible for elbow extension and shoulder extension.

Triceps Brachii (Long Head)

Responsible for elbow extension and shoulder extension.

Brachialis

Responsible for elbow flexion.

Brachioradialis

Responsible for elbow flexion to a neutral position.

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

Responsible for wrist extension and radial deviation.

Flexor Carpi Radialis

Responsible for wrist flexion and radial deviation.

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

Responsible for wrist extension and ulnar deviation.

Palmaris Longus

Responsible for wrist flexion and tendon tension.

Extensor Digitorum

Responsible for finger extension at the MCP and IP joints.

Frontalis

Raises eyebrows and wrinkles the forehead.

Orbicularis Oculi

Closes eyelids and responsible for squinting.

Zygomaticus Major

Elevates and draws the corners of the mouth superolaterally.

Orbicularis Oris

Closes and puckers the lips.

Risorius

Retracts the corners of the mouth laterally.

Depressor Anguli Oris

Depresses the corners of the mouth.

Buccinator

Compresses the cheek, as in blowing or chewing.

Mentalis

Elevates and protrudes the lower lip; wrinkles the chin.

Flexor Digitorum

Responsible for finger flexion.

Pronator Teres

Responsible for forearm pronation.

Pectoralis Major

Responsible for shoulder adduction, horizontal adduction, and internal rotation.

Pectoralis Major (Clavicular Head)

Responsible for shoulder flexion, adduction, and internal rotation.

Serratus Anterior

Stabilizes the scapula and assists in upward rotation.

Latissimus Dorsi

Responsible for shoulder extension, adduction, and internal rotation.

Rectus Abdominis

Responsible for trunk flexion and core stabilization.

External Oblique

Responsible for trunk rotation and lateral flexion.

Internal Oblique

Responsible for trunk rotation and lateral flexion.

Infraspinatus

Responsible for external rotation of the shoulder.

Scapula (Shoulder Blade)

Provides attachment and supports shoulder movement.

Supraspinatus

Initiates shoulder abduction.

Teres Minor

Responsible for external rotation and stabilization.

Teres Major

Responsible for shoulder extension, adduction, and internal rotation.

Sartorius

Responsible for hip flexion, abduction, and external rotation.

Rectus Femoris

Responsible for knee extension and hip flexion.

Vastus Lateralis

Responsible for knee extension.

Vastus Intermedius

Responsible for knee extension.

Vastus Medialis

Responsible for knee extension.

Biceps Femoris

Responsible for knee flexion and hip extension.

Gastrocnemius

Responsible for plantar flexion of the ankle.

Tibialis Anterior

Responsible for dorsiflexion and inversion.

Soleus

Responsible for postural support and plantar flexion.

Trapezius

Elevates, retracts, and upwardly rotates the scapula; also stabilizes and moves the scapula.

Sternocleidomastoid

Bilaterally responsible for neck flexion; unilaterally responsible for lateral flexion and rotation to the opposite side.

Gluteus Medius

Responsible for hip abduction and pelvic stabilization.

Gluteus Maximus

Responsible for hip extension and external rotation.

Gluteus Minimus

Responsible for hip abduction and internal rotation.

Hamstring Group

Includes the Biceps Femoris, Semitendinosus, and Semimembranosus; responsible for knee flexion and hip extension.

Adductor Magnus

Responsible for hip adduction.

Flexor Digitorum Brevis

Flexes the $2^{nd}$-$5^{th}$ toes.

Abductor Hallucis

Abducts (moves away) the big toe.

Plantar Fascia

Supports the arch of the foot.

Thenar Eminence

Responsible for thumb movement.

Hypothenar Eminence

Responsible for little finger movement.

Erector Spinae

Responsible for spinal extension and posture.