23 Lecture on Angiosperms

These flashcards cover key concepts, definitions, and processes related to angiosperms as discussed in the lecture notes.

What phylum includes the largest diversity of plants with 300,000 - 450,000 species?

Phylum Anthophyta.

What unique reproductive features do angiosperms have?

Flowers and fruits, along with a double fertilization life cycle.

What are the two major classes of angiosperms?

Monocotyledonae and Eudicotyledonae.

What example of a parasitic angiosperm is best known?

Mistletoe.

What is the term for the specialized organ that penetrates host tissues in parasitic angiosperms?

Haustoria.

What are the two main parts of a flower?

Stamens (androecium) and carpels (gynoecium).

What is the collective term for the outer parts of a flower, including calyx and corolla?

Perianth.

What defines a perfect flower?

It contains both stamens and carpels.

What type of flower is monoecious?

A species with staminate and pistillate flowers on the same plant.

How are hypogynous flowers characterized?

Perianth and stamens are situated below the ovary.

What is the difference between radially and bilaterally symmetrical flowers?

Radially symmetrical flowers have multiple planes of symmetry, while bilaterally symmetrical flowers have one member of a whorl different from the others.

What are the two processes that form the microgametophyte?

Microsporogenesis and microgametogenesis.

What does megasporogenesis produce within the ovules?

Megaspores.

What happens during double fertilization?

One sperm fuses with the egg to form the embryo, and the other fuses with the polar nuclei to form the endosperm.

What is the function of the synergids in the flower?

They guide the pollen tube to the egg cell.

How do pollination and fertilization differ in angiosperms?

Pollination is the transfer of pollen to the stigma; fertilization occurs after the pollen tube delivers sperm to the egg cell.