Bio1 Carbohydrates + Lipids

What are monosacharides composed of?

Chain of carbons

a c=o (Carbonyl group)

Several -OH (hydroxyl) groups

What shapes can monosaccharide form?

they can either stay a chain or convert to a ring

What is a glycan?

Many simple sugars linked together (also known as a polysaccharide)

What covalent bond links monosaccharides?

Glycosidic linkage

What are the functions of carbohydrates?

Energy storage/processing

structural support

cell identification

What is this structure called and what is its function

Alpha helix, energy storage/processing

What is this structure called and what is its function?

Beta-pleated sheet, structural support

What is a lipid?

A molecule that is not soluble in water (non polar)

What are the most common bonds in lipids?

C-C and H-C (non polar)

What are hydrocarbon chains?

Long chains of carbon and hydrogen that make up lipids

What is the bend in hydrocarbon chains caused by?

1 or more double bonds between carbons

What is a saturated lipid and is it straight or bent?

A saturated lipid contains only single bonds and is straight

What is an unsaturated lipid and is it straight or bent?

An unsaturated lipid is a lipid that contains some double bonds. It is bent

What is a fat?

A lipid comprised of 3 fatty acids

What makes up a fatty acid?

A Hydrocarbon chain with a COOH on one end attached to glycerol

What is a steroid?

A lipid with a 4-fused-rings structure

What is a phospholipid

A lipid with a hydrophilic phosphate head and hydrophilic hydrocarbon tail