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which groups claimed land throughout north america?
england, spain, france, dutch, native americans
salutary neglect
colonists are left alone
who was involved in the french and indian war, and what were they looking to achieve?
British colonists - want to move west for fertile land
French & Natives - want to preserve whatever land they still have (lucrative fur trade, set up forts
Albany plan of union
aimed to unify 11 of the 13 American colonies, thereby creating one centralized government, with the opportunity for more colonies to join in the future.
what werte the french and british fighting over?
land (ohio river valley, natural resources, fertile land)
how long did the french and indian war last and whats the time stamp
7 years 1756-1763
how long did the french and indian war actually last, and whatsa the year stamp
1754-1763
what is the french and indian war also known as, and why was it considered only 7 years?
the 7 years war because france offically declars war on 1756
where does Washington and his men kill general jumonville, and what happens after?
they killed him at fort Duquesne, and return to fort necessity. they are forced to surrender due to bad fencing and protection
what is the "Join or Die" cartoon/flag? who made it?
1st polictical proproganda/cartoon, made by bejamin franklin.
WHAT WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE FRWENCH AND INDIAN WAR?
battle of quebec, 1759. the treaty of paris (1763), offically ending the french and indian war
what were the terms of the treaty of paris
- French removed, give all teritory to britian
- britan gains teritory west of the appalician mts to the missipi river
- gian florida from spain
what was a problem after the war, what happened
issues with natives in new terriotry, leading to pontiacs rebellion
pontiacs rebellion
native attacks on colonists in the ohio river valley
what happens when british parliment posse proclimation of 1763
colonists are no longer allowed to settle in the ohio rivver valey, aldn is reserved for the natives
whats the outcome of the french and indian war
british gain more land and win
militia
citzen soliders
what does biritan do (starts off after f+I war)
tries to protect colonists, sends 10k troops (colonists never asked for them). ends with big debt from the french and indian war, begins taxing colonies to gain revenue.
george greenville ;what does he do
british finance minister (first one), tries to stop pirates smuggling - searches without warrants
sugar act
law passed by the British Parliament setting taxes on molasses and sugar imported by the colonies (1764)
stamp act
1765, placed tax on printed goods (cards, legal docs, newspapers) eventually britian repeals
patrick henry
helps pass resolution about taxation
samuel adams
starts ons of liberty to protest - boycotts, burns effigies, tar and feather tax collections, non importatipn agreements
effigies
a sculpture or model of a person.
repeals
cancels, removes
declaratory act
1766, britian can tax whenever on whatever
the townshend acts and what happens
only on importated stuff(glass, tea ,papers)
colonists get more angry, more boycotts
charles townsend
new finace minister, creates new taxes
daughters of liberty
encourage american made rpoducts (coffee, clothes)
red coats
sent to the colonists, treated the colonists badly, stole, beat up citizens
trouble in boston
- fight breaks out, colonists form mob
- 7 redocats confront crowd, colonsits yelling, thowing trash, snowballs
- red coats fire, 5 killed (crispus attucks - baclk rev leader)
-sam adams and paul revere use proproganda to stir up colonists against british
- call for stronger boycotts
- british parliment gives in and repealls all the townshend acts, except on tea
committee of correspondence
communication between colonies
crisis on tea
british east india company gets more tea they can sell
tea act
1773 act which eliminated import tariffs on tea entering England and allowed the British East India Company to sell directly to consumers rather than through merchants.
boston tea party
colonists dress up as mohawk indians, sneak on ship, dump 342 chests of tea (around 1 million$), 1773
intolerble acts
king george III wants to punish boston, pasts the intolerable acts (did 3 things)
1. boston harbor closed until tea paid for
2. no town meetings or gatherins allowed
3. colonists forced to hosue redcoats
what happend as a result of the intolerble acts
while it was meant to be an example for other colonies, it united people to help boston and go against britian
Quartering Act
v1765 - Required the colonials to provide food, lodging, and supplies for the British troops in the colonies.
which two acts were repealed
stamp and sgar
where was the customs board headquarterd
boston
Declatory Act
1766: parliment has absolute authority over the colonies
the gaspee affair
sons of liberty members ttacked, boardered, looted, and toched a british ship (gaspee0
parliment
the lawmaking branch of the British government
1st continental congress
gathering of colonial leaders troubled abt relations with britian and colonies
sum up the tensions between the colonies and great birtian that led to armed conflict in 1775
- 1st continental congress demanded certain rights from britain
- armed conflict between british soliders and colonists broke out with the "shot heard around the world"
- 2nd continental congress created the continental army to fight Biritish
- In 2 early battles, the army lost control of Bostom but then regained it.
Patriots
colnists who chose to fight for independnce from great britian
Minutemen
ready to fight at mionutes notice (the local miltia)
redcoats
british soliders (had red jackets)
2nd continetal congress
2nd group of delgates form colonies, 1st atempt at reiublican goverment in the colonies.
continental army
MA militia, soon including soliders from all colonies to fight agaionst Biritan
George Washington
virginian who commanded the army
battle of bunker hill
First major battle of the Revolutions. It showed that the Americans could hold their own, but the British were also not easy to defeat. Ultimately, the Americans were forced to withdraw after running out of ammunition, and Bunker Hill was in British hands. June 17 1755
The reason why France and England started a conflict in North America
over land
This was the reason the Albany plan failed
Because the colonies did not want to give up power or wealth
This document ended the French and Indian war as well as establish new land claims in North America
Treaty of Paris 1763
This was the name of the area France and Britain fought over in the French and Indian War.
Ohio River Valley
The role of George Washington in the French and Indian war
Colonel for the Virginia Militia
This act was an attempt to prevent colonies from trading with anyone except for England
What is the Navigation Acts
This act placed taxes on all paper materials
stamp act
This act included tax on sugar and molasses as well as forced the colonists to buy sugar from the British West Indies
Sugar Act
This act placed a tax on most of the popular items in the colonies, including tea, paper, lead, glass and paint
Townshend Acts
This prevented the colonists from moving into the newly acquired territory in the Ohio River Valley
Proclamation Line of 1763
rinting materials faster, spreading information faster and providing more people the ability to read were all possible due to this invention
printing press
This was the group responsible for the Boston Tea Party
Sons of Liberty
In response to the Boston Tea Party, Britain passed a series of laws including one that would close Boston Harbor until the tea was paid for
Intolerable Acts/coercive Acts (Boston Port Act)
He was the leader of the Sons of Liberty and second cousin to John Adams
Samuel Adams
he engraving "The Bloody Massacre as perpetrated in King Street" seen here was made by this man
Paul Revere
This act forced colonists to house and feed British soliders
Quartering Act
Closing the port of Boston, Banning town meetings, forcing colonists to house and feed British troops were all part of
Intolerable Acts
he deaths of the colonists in the Boston Massacre were used as
propaganda
The name of the British captain put on trial for the events that took place during the Boston Massacre
Thomas Preston
This was the rallying cry during colonial protests against the Stamp Act
no taxation without representation"
Colonists were not represented in Parliament
The means to bring items in illegally
smuggle
Spreading information for the purpose of promoting a cause
propaganda
To speak out against something
protest
Money that is collected by the government for services
taxes (duties)
A rag doll, usually life size, that was burned during protests
effigy
the spreading of ideas, information, or rumor for the purpose of helping or injuring an institution, a cause, or a person
proproganda
when was bacon’s rebellion
1676
why did bacons rebellion happen / what happened
Began over a dispute over Virginia’s Indians Policy
2 yrs later, signed treaty saying idians would give up all land claimed by engliush and would get all land unclaimed
however, colonists violated the treaty and began pushing into natives land
Bacon and his men declared war on them and wealthy plantation owners
governor berkely wanted to keep peace with natives, threated to puinish bacon
bacon declars war on him and other goverment officals
iin october, bacon died from dysentary rebellion fill apart
what was king phillp’s war
Metacomet/King phillp: chief of wamponag tribe
Because of rising populations, more colonists were pushing into native land, resutling in multiple attakcs
In 1637, english settlers shot/ basically killed the netire pequot tribe, hostility increased a lot
Metacomet/kingphilp had attacked many english villiages, metacome’s wife and son were sold into slavery, he was killed
war left the colonists in lots of debt and a hatred of natives
Pontiac's Rebellion
1763-1766
Natives unhappy with ending of french and indian war
English did not treat them well
English pushing into their home land
led to devil’s hole massacre (300 indians attacked a supply train)
rebellion edned by a peace traty signed by Pontiac
not a surrender