AP Biology Signal Transduction Pathways

Based on the 25-26 CED

What are the steps of cell communication?

Reception, transduction, and response

What does signal transduction do?

Signal transduction pathways link signal receptions with cellular responses

What can signal transduction result in?

Gene expressions and cell function, may alter phenotype or result in apoptosis

How does the structure of a signaling molecule affect the function of a pathway?

It can alter cellular responses and affect the downstream components, disrupting the entire pathway.

What is an example on how the structure of a signal can change?

Environmental factors, like the temperature which can denature proteins

Chemicals that interact with any component of the signaling pathway may ____ or ____ the pathway

Activate, inhibit

What are the types of signal transduction pathways?

Protein modification and phosphorylation cascade

What is cyclic AMP (cAMP)?

A second messenger

What is a second messenger?

Intracellular molecules that take signals from the receptors to target molecules