Kollokációk - Topic 15: Urbanization & Architecture

Curb urban sprawl

To restrain the uncontrolled spread of a city outward. (Urban planners enacted green belts to curb urban sprawl around the city.)

Revitalize inner cities

To bring new life and economic vigor to urban cores. (Redevelopment grants were given to revitalize inner cities and old docks.)

Alleviate housing shortages

To make the lack of homes less severe. (High

Transform cityscapes

To change the appearance of urban environments. (Skyscraper construction over the past decade has completely transformed the cityscape.)

Modernize public transport

To update trains and buses for efficiency. (The municipal government invested billions to modernize public transport networks.)

Preserve architectural heritage

To protect historic buildings from demolition. (Strict zoning laws protect historic districts to preserve architectural heritage.)

Ease traffic congestion

To reduce heavy vehicle gridlock on roads. (Congestion pricing charges were introduced to ease traffic congestion downtown.)

Expand urban infrastructure

To build bigger roads, pipes, and power grids. (Rapid population growth forces cities to expand urban infrastructure continually.)

Architectural marvel

A building that causes wonder due to design. (The new suspension bridge is considered a modern architectural marvel.)

Urban sprawl

The rapid expansion of a city into the countryside. (Uncontrolled urban sprawl destroys local ecosystems and increases commuting times.)

High

density housing

Dilapidated building

A structure in a state of disrepair and ruin. (City officials ordered the demolition of several dilapidated buildings downtown.)

Sustainable architecture

Building design minimizing environmental impact. (Solar panels and recycled steel are hallmarks of sustainable architecture.)

Public transport network

The system of buses, trains, and subways. (A reliable public transport network reduces carbon emissions in cities.)

Urban regeneration

Renewal of old or run

Concrete jungle

An unattractive urban area filled with concrete buildings. (Planting rooftop gardens helps soften the look of the concrete jungle.)

Smart city

An urban area utilizing tech to enhance performance. (Singapore is a global leader in implementing smart city technologies.)

Municipal infrastructure

Public facilities like water, roads, and power. (Heavy rainstorms exposed weaknesses in the city's aging municipal infrastructure.)

Rapidly urbanizing

Transforming from rural to city at a fast pace. (Developing nations feature rapidly urbanizing regions straining local services.)

Densely populated

Containing many people in a small area. (Manhattan is one of the most densely populated islands in the world.)

Carefully planned

Designed with great foresight and detail. (Brasilia is famous for being a carefully planned modernist capital city.)

Architecturally distinct

Possessing unique and recognizable design. (Barcelona is architecturally distinct thanks to Antoni Gaudí's buildings.)

Extensively renovated

Restored and updated across the entire structure. (The 19th

Vertically expanding

Growing upward by building taller skyscrapers. (Land scarcity forces modern metropolises to keep vertically expanding.)

Green belt

An area of open land around a city where building is restricted. (The local council strictly protects the green belt from housing developers.)

Urban planner

A professional who designs city layouts and growth. (Urban planners prioritize pedestrian walkways and public parks in new designs.)

Housing market

The supply and demand for houses in a region. (High interest rates have cooled down the overheated housing market.)

Pedestrian zone

An area where cars are banned for walkers. (The historic town center was converted into a bustling pedestrian zone.)

Skyscraper skyline

The horizon outlined by tall modern towers. (The evening lights create a breathtaking skyscraper skyline in Hong Kong.)

Gentrification process

Changing a neighborhood by moving in wealthier people. (Long

Public park

An open area of land provided for recreation in cities. (Central Park serves as a vital green lung in the busy metropolis.)

Suburban neighborhood

A residential district outside the city center. (Families often prefer moving to a quiet suburban neighborhood for more space.)

Traffic gridlock

A severe traffic jam where vehicles cannot move. (The broken traffic light resulted in complete gridlock across the downtown avenue.)

Zoning law

Government regulations on how land and buildings may be used. (Zoning laws prohibit heavy factories from operating in residential districts.)

Affordable housing

Homes reasonably priced for low

Design buildings

To plan and construct architectural structures. (Award

Upgrade infrastructure

To improve and modernize public facilities and services. (Municipal leaders secured federal funding to upgrade infrastructure across the city.)

Expand cities

To grow urban areas outward or upward over time. (Migration from rural provinces continues to expand cities at an unprecedented rate.)

Manage traffic

To control and direct vehicle flow to prevent gridlock. (Traffic police use automated cameras and signals to manage traffic during rush hour.)

Build skyscrapers

To construct extremely tall commercial or residential towers. (Real estate developers compete for plots to build skyscrapers in the financial district.)

Rapidly expanding

Growing at a very fast pace in size or population. (Surrounding suburbs are rapidly expanding as young families seek affordable homes.)

Architecturally stunning

Visually breathtaking and unique in design language. (The newly opened opera house features an architecturally stunning glass facade.)

Urbanized region

An area characterized by city development and high population density. (Governments allocate special funds to manage public health in heavily urbanized regions.)

Densely built

Packed closely together with minimal open space between structures. (Older districts in the historic quarter are densely built and difficult to navigate by car.)

Carefully restored

Brought back to original condition with meticulous detail. (Historic Victorian townhouses were carefully restored to preserve their original charm.)

Urban development

The social, economic, and physical growth of cities. (Municipal councils oversee urban development to ensure sustainable long

Public transportation

Systems of public passenger travel via buses or trains. (Subsidized fares encourage more commuters to rely on public transportation.)

Metropolitan area

A region consisting of a densely populated urban core. (The greater metropolitan area now houses over ten million residents.)

Architectural design

The art and science of designing buildings and spaces. (The competition highlighted cutting

City council

The legislative body that governs a city or municipality. (The local city council voted unanimously to approve the new pedestrian zone.)

Housing development

A residential area constructed by a real estate developer. (Construction crews started work on a massive housing development on the eastern outskirts.)

Urban renewal

The redevelopment of areas within a large city. (The waterfront district underwent extensive urban renewal, attracting trendy cafes and shops.)

Traffic management

The planning and control of road traffic movement. (Smart traffic management systems use real

Commercial district

An area of a city where businesses and offices are concentrated. (The downtown commercial district fills up with office workers every weekday morning.)