fallacies

hasty generalization

Reaching a very general conclusion based on limited evidence or too small of a sample size.

post hoc ergo propter hoc

Assuming that if some event 𝐵 happened after another event 𝐴, 𝐴 must have caused 𝐵.

ad hominem

Arguing against a position/claim by attacking the character of the position’s supporters rather than the position itself

Ad populum

Arguing in favor of a position by claiming that most people support the position or act in accordance with it.

slipper slope

Asserting that some small step/measure, if taken, would lead to more drastic and undesirable consequences

argument from ignorance

Concluding that, because an argument for a claim is a bad argument, the claim must be false, or, concluding that because no argument for a claim has been provided, the claim must be false.

straw man

reframes the position to something dumber or exaggerated than it is, and argue that instead of the original argument