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FUnctions of Microtubules
Mitotic Spindlels
Intracellular Transport
Cell movement: Flagella
Kinesins
motor protein that moves cargo on MT filamnets towars th e+ end
Dynein
motor protein that moves cargo on MT filaments toward the - end
Actin Functions
Maintains cell shape
muscle contraction
cell migration
IF Functions
Mechanical Strength
Nucleus Shape
tight junction
type of cell to cell adhesion between apical side nad basal lamina
actin filaments w
CAMs: claudins and occludins
Adherens junction
joins an actin bundle ine one cell to similar bundle in neighborring cell
CAM: cadherins
accessory protein: linker proteins
contraction of actin filaments linked from cell to cell via this junction can acause formation of tubes
Desmosome
joins the IF in one cell to those in a neighbor (mostly keratin)
confers greta tensile stregnth to eptihelial sheets
characteristic of tough exposed epithelia
CAMs: desmosomal cadherins
accessory protein: adapter proteins
Gap junctions
Form channels that allow small intracellular water-soluble molcules inclduing inorganix ions and metabolites to pass from cell to cell
→ electrical signals as well
CAM: Connexin
semidesmosome
anchors IF in the cell to the basal lamina
CAM: cadherins
accessory proteins: integrins
ER
synthesis of most lipidsl syntehsis of proteins for distriubution to many organelles and to the plasma membrane
golgi apparatus
modification, sorting, and packgaing of proteins and lipids for either secretion or delivery to another organelle
Lyosomes
intracellular degradtion
mitochondria
ATP synthesis by oxidative phsophorylation
Endosomes
sorting endocytosed material
myosin-myosin motor protein, capping, side binding, corss linking, severing, nucleating , bundling
functions of actin binding proteins