National 5 Biology 2.6 Transport systems: animals

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Aorta

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23 Terms

1

Aorta

main artery carrying oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body

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2

Artery

blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart

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3

Atria

upper chamber of the heart which receives blood from a vein

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4

Biconcave

shape of a red blood cell increasing its surface area

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5

Capillaries

tiny blood vessels with wals one cell thick where exchange of materials occur

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6

Coronary artery

blood vessel carrying oxygenated blood to the heart tissues

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7

Haemoglobin

pigment in red blood cells which carries oxygen

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8

Heart

organ that pumps blood round the body

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9

Heart valves

structures in the heart which prevent the back flow of blood

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10

Immune system

organs and tissues which resist infections

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11

Lymphocytes

white blood cell which produces antibodies capable of destroying specific pathogens

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12

Oxyhaemoglobin

forms in the lungs from oxygen and haemoglobin

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13

Pathogen

disease causing organism (eg some bacteria, fungus or viruses)

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14

Phagocyte

white blood cell which engulfs and digests pathogens

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15

Plasma

liquid part of blood which transports substances and in which cells are suspended

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16

Pulmonary artery

carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs

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17

Pulmonary vein

carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart

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18

Red blood cell

responsible for carrying oxygen round the body (has no nucleus, biconcave shape and full of haemoglobin)

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19

Valve

structure that prevents the backflow of blood, found in the heart and the veins

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20

Vein

blood vessel that carries blood towards the heart

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21

Vena cava

vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart

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22

Ventricles

lower chambers of the heart that take blood from the atria and pump it into the arteries

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23

White blood cells

phagocytes and lymphocytes (part of the immune system)

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