quiz integumentary

6 functions of the skin

Protection from germs, pathogens, physical damage, and UV radiation

Sensation to detect touch, vibration, and temperature

Thermoregulation to cool the body/sweat and increase blood flow for heat

Vitamin D synthesis

Excretion of salt and water as sweat

Secretion of oils via glands to lubricate skin and hair and keep it moisturized

Absorption of certain topical products/ingredients

What is melanin/what does it do/why is it important

Melanin is a pigment produced by melanocytes in the skin that gives pigment to the skin, hair, and eyes. It protects against UV radiation and can influence how skin reacts to sun exposure. It doesn’t allow the suns rays to deeply penetrate the skin and damage skin cells

Three types of burns

First (superficial), second (partial thickness), third (full thickness)

First (superficial) burns

• Depth: Affects only the outer layer of skin (the epidermis).

• Symptoms: Redness, dry skin, mild swelling, and pain (such as a mild sunburn).

• Healing: Usually heals in a few days without permanent scarring. [1, 2, 3, 4]

Second (partial thickness) burns

• Depth: Affects the outer layer and part of the underlying layer of skin (the dermis).

• Symptoms: Red, wet or shiny appearance, fluid-filled blisters, severe pain, and swelling.

• Healing: Can take weeks to heal and may require medical care or skin grafting if deep

Third (full thickness) burns

• Depth: Destroys both the epidermis and the dermis, reaching into deeper tissues.

• Symptoms: White, charred, leather-like, or blackened skin, and numbness because nerve endings are destroyed.

• Healing: Requires emergency medical treatment and surgery, such as skin grafting

ABCD rule for moles

Used to spot early signs of melanoma (skin cancer)

• A — Asymmetry: One half of the mole does not match the other half

• B — Border: edges are ragged, notched, blurred, or irregular

• C — Color: color is not uniform and may show different shades of brown or black, or patches of pink, red, white, or blue

• D — Diameter: The spot is larger than 6 millimeters (about the size of a pencil eraser), though melanomas can sometimes be smaller

• E — Evolving: The mole is changing in size, shape, color, elevation, or starts to itch, crust, or bleed

3 layers of skin

the Epidermis, the dermis, and the hypodermis

Epidermis

Epidermis (Top Layer): This is the outer layer you can see and touch. It acts as a waterproof shield against germs, sun, and weather. It also contains melanin, which gives your skin its color

dermis

Dermis (Middle Layer): This is the thickest layer. It holds blood vessels, sweat glands, oil glands, and hair roots. It also has nerve endings that let you feel pain, touch, temperature, and pressure.

hypodermis

Hypodermis (Bottom Layer): Also called the subcutaneous layer, this deepest part is made of fat and connective tissue. It cushions your bones and muscles, and helps keep your body warm.

-ache

pain

-aden(o)

gland, glandular tissue

aer(o)

air, with air, with oxygen, in gas (aerobic)

-algia

pain (gastralgia)

angi(o)

blood vessel (angiogenesis)