ARCC BU REVIEWER PART 2 (Electrical System)

From recorded lecture video (2024)

Fossil fuel (Petroleum)

Source of energy for electric generation characterized by the burning of fuel in an internal combustion engine

Coal and Natural Gas

Source of energy for electric generation characterized by heating water and thus generating steam to start a turbine that initiates the electricity generation process

Nuclear energy

Source of energy for electric generation characterized by utilizing nuclear fission that releases a huge quantity of energy to produce steam which rotates a turbine with an alternator.

Hydroelectricity

Source of energy for electric generation characterized by the potential energy of dammed water driving a turbine and generator

Wind power

Source of energy for electric generation characterized by the conversion of wind energy into electricity through wind turbines.

Geothermal power

Source of energy for electric generation characterized by the use of geothermal heat for electricity generation

Solar energy

Source of energy for electric generation characterized by harvesting the energy of the sun by using collector panels and fields to gather enough power to charge small substations

Powerhouse

An independent building or integrated space (usually on the building’s second/third floor) that houses the transformer room, main electrical room, and generator room.

Transformer

A static alternating current (AC) device used to change voltage by increasing or reducing it

1 meter

The distance between the genset and the walls of the room’s walls

3.50 × 7.00 m

Usual size of the genset room

Electrical Room per floor

Room per floor in a multistory building that contains the feeder, conduits, and wiring for electricity

2 - 3.5 sq.mm.

Size of wires used in lighting applications if TW, THW, or THWN will be used

2 - 5.5 sq.mm.

Size of wires used in general purpose applications if TW, THW, or THWN will be used

2 - 2.00 sq.mm.

Size of wires used in lighting applications if THHN will be used

2 - 3.5 sq.mm.

Size of wires used in general purpose applications if THHN will be used

Conduit

A tube, pipe, or duct for enclosing and protecting electrical wires and cables

PVC Conduit

Usual conduit material

Rigid Steel Conduit

Abbreviated as RSC, these conduits are used for heavier wiring (e.g. main feeder wires, service entrance wires)

Electric Metallic Tubing

Abbreviated as EMT, it is a metal pipe conduit into which electrical conductors may be draw; has a thinner wall thickness than a rigid metal conduit.

Flexible metallic conduit

Known to the trade as Greenfield, these are non-rigid metal conduits used for motor connections and other locations where bibration is present, where movement is encountered, or where physical obstructions make its use necessary

Aluminum conduit

Abbreviated as AC, it is a type of conduit that is durable in outdoor and indoor uses, and non-magnetic, however limited in production due to costs.

Raceways

A channel expressly designed to hold and protect electrical wires and cables; can be opened up to accommodate new wiring installations as compared to enclosed conduits

Surface raceway

Type of raceway designed for exposed installation in dry, nonhazardous, noncorrosive locations, used for thin wall panels (e.g. hollow-core, precast walls) that don’t allow wiring inside the walls

Floor raceway

An arrangement of parallel rectangular metal or heavy plastic raceways laid on the structural slab and covered with concrete fill; can limit new wiring installations due to being embedded in the floor

Cellular metal floor raceway

A fully accessible floor raceway, provided by a cellular (metal) floor that is an integrated structural or electrical system

Wireways

Colloquially called gutter in the Philippines, it is a conduit to conceal electrical wires while rendering them permanently accessible

Busways

Also called bus duct, it is a rigid metal housing for a group of buses

Cable tray

Also called cablebus, it is an open metal framework for supporting insulated electrical wires

Full-access floor

Applicable to spaces with very heavy cabling, requirements particularly if frequent recabling and reconnection are required

Multichannel raceway

A surface-mounted raceway designed to house the electrical wires for a circuit and a series of receptacles; can be metallic or nonmetallic

Overcurrent

Any situation in which the current flow througha device or conductor exceeds the desired value is known as an over current. Both overload and short circuit can cause excessive current flow. Over currents may heat or damage the device

Panelboard

A single or group of panel units designed for assembly in the form of a single panel; including buses, automatic overcurrent devices, and equipped with or without switches for the control of light, heat, or power circuits

Circuit breaker

A device designed to open and close a circuit by nonautomatic means and to open the circuit automatically on a predetermined over-current without damage to itself when properly applied within its rating.

Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupter (GFCI)

Type of circuit breaker that is used for wet areas (e.g. bathrooms); also helps protect individuals against shock, and detects even a very small current leak to a ground, which may not be detected by conventional circuit breakers

Fuse

An overcurrent protective device with a circuit opening fusible element which opens (break) when there is an overcurrent in the circuit