✭ COVALENT SUBSTANCES

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10 Terms

1
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Covalent Bonding

Bonds formed between non-metals by sharing electrons to achieve a stable octet.

2
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Lewis Structures

Diagrams showing the arrangement of atoms and lone pairs in a molecule.

3
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VSEPR Theory

Describes how electron pairs in molecules repel each other, influencing molecular shape.

4
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Polarity

Classification of bonds as polar (different electronegativities) or nonpolar (same element).

5
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Intermolecular Forces

Forces between molecules, including dispersion, dipole-dipole, and hydrogen bonding.

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Melting/Boiling Points

Properties influenced by intermolecular forces; covalent molecules have low melting/boiling points.

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Strength of Intermolecular Forces

Depends on factors like number of electrons and molecular shape.

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Metallic Melting

Requires overcoming strong metallic bonding, needing a lot of energy.

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Ionic Melting

Requires overcoming strong ionic bonding, needing a lot of energy.

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Covalent Molecular Melting

Requires overcoming weak intermolecular forces, needing less energy.