nur 1040 exam 2 partial

Informed Consent (Nurse's Role)

Witness the signature, clarify information, and ensure it is signed BEFORE any sedatives/opioids are administered.

Malignant Hyperthermia

A severe reaction to anesthesia. Early sign: Tachycardia. Late sign: High fever. Antidote: Dantrolene.

Wound Evisceration Intervention

Call for help, cover organs with a sterile, saline-moistened towel, and place patient in low-Fowler's with knees bent.

Aldrete Score

Used for PACU discharge readiness. Assesses Activity, Consciousness, Respiration, O2 Sat, and Circulation (Goal: 8-10).

Lower UTI (Cystitis) vs. Upper UTI (Pyelonephritis)

Lower: Dysuria, suprapubic pain, no fever. Upper: Flank pain, CVA tenderness, high fever, chills (high sepsis risk).

Acute Glomerulonephritis

Inflammation causing hematuria (smoky urine), massive edema, hypertension, and decreased GFR. Restrict fluid and sodium.

Continuous Bladder Irrigation (CBI)

Used post-TURP. Titrate irrigation rate to keep urine light pink/clear. If clot obstruction occurs, manually irrigate with a syringe.

Sildenafil (Viagra) Lethal Interaction

Strictly contraindicated with Nitrates (Nitroglycerin). Combining them causes profound, fatal hypotension.

Feminizing Hormone Therapy (Estrogen) Risks

Extremely high risk for Venous Thromboembolism (DVT/PE). Patient MUST stop smoking.

Masculinizing Hormone Therapy (Testosterone) Risks

High risk for Erythrocytosis (high Hematocrit >50%), liver toxicity, and stroke.

Furosemide (Lasix) Nursing Implications

Loop diuretic. Wastes potassium (causes hypokalemia). Monitor BP, I&O, and give in the morning.

Lisinopril Nursing Implications

ACE Inhibitor. Protects kidneys but causes hyperkalemia. Teratogenic (do NOT give in pregnancy).

Oxybutynin Nursing Implications

Antispasmodic for overactive bladder. Causes dry mouth/retention. Strictly contraindicated in Glaucoma.

Phenazopyridine (Pyridium)

Urinary analgesic for dysuria. Harmlessly turns urine bright orange/red. Does not cure infection.

Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy (ESWL)

Crushes kidney stones. Post-op: Strain all urine, encourage fluids. Bruising and pink urine are normal.

Tamsulosin (Flomax)

Alpha-blocker for BPH. Relaxes smooth muscle. High risk for orthostatic hypotension (change positions slowly).

Testicular Torsion vs. Epididymitis

Torsion: Surgical emergency, twisted blood supply. Epididymitis: Infection treated with antibiotics, ice, and scrotal elevation.

Bladder Scanner

Non-invasive ultrasound used to check post-void residual (PVR) and prevent unnecessary catheterizations.

Urine Culture & Sensitivity (C&S) Collection

Must collect cleanly BEFORE giving antibiotics. If from a Foley, clamp tubing below the port, scrub, and aspirate with a sterile syringe.

Cancer Screening in Transgender Patients

Conduct routine screenings (breast, cervical, prostate) based on the patient's CURRENT retained anatomy.