Science Summative - Atoms
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44 Terms
What is a unit cell in a crystal lattice?
The smallest building block of a crystal and the repeating block of a crystal
What is a crystal lattice?
The overall shape or structure of a crystal
What are columns called in the periodic table?
Groups or families
What are rows called in the periodic table?
Periods
How are elements arranged in the periodic table?
in order of increasing atomic number
How are elements placed in groups in the periodic table?
Based on the number of valence electrons.
How can you tell the number of electrons in any atom?
The atomic number
How can you tell the number of valence electrons in any atom?
It is the atoms main group number. Ex: Oxygen is in group 16, it has 6 valence electrons. Calcium is in group 2, it has 2 valence electrons.
Which subatomic particles make up an atom’s mass?
Protons and Neutrons
What are the two main ways how atoms chemically bond?
Ionically and Covalently
Covaliant bond
When only non-metals share electrons
Ionic bond
When metals and non-metals transfer electrons
Why do atoms chemically bond?
To have a full outer shell, or to be stable
Which subatomic particle is responsible for chemical bonding?
Electrons
Where are protons located?
The nucleus
Where are neutrons located?
The Nucleus
Where are electrons located?
The electron cloud
Why are elements in groups 18 non-reactive?
They all have full outer shells
What are the three subatomic particles that make up an atom?
Protons, neutrons, and electrons
What charge does a proton have?
Positive
What charge does a neutron have?
No charge
What charge does an electron have?
Negative
What is the mass of a proton?
1 amu (atomic mass unit)
What is the mass of a neutron?
1 amu (atomic mass unit)
What is the mass of a electron?
0 amu (atomic mass unit)
How does the term “opposites attract” apply to ionic bonding?
Atoms give away electrons in ionic bonding. One atom becomes positive (more protons) and the other negative (more electrons). The opposites need to attract to complete the compound.
What does the dark staircase line do?
Separates metals from non-metals
Where are metals located on the periodic table?
On the left
Where are non-metals located on the periodic table?
On the right
What is the ratio of apples to oranges?
6:3
What is the ratio of pears to apples and oranges?
3:9
How many valence electrons are in this atom represented by a bohr model?
4
How many protons are in this atom represented by a bohr model?
14
What is the arrow pointing to?
The atomic number
What is the arrow pointing to?
The element symbol
What is the arrow pointing to?
The element name
What is the arrow pointing to?
The atomic mass
What kind of bond is this?
A single bond
What kind of bond is this?
A double bond
What kind of bond is this?
A triple bond
What kind of chemical bond is this?
Ionic
What kind of chemical bond is this?
Covalent
How many valence electrons are in the elements shown by this dot diagram?
3
How many valence electrons are in the elements shown by this dot diagram?
6