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Intergroup Comm.
defined by the groups that people identify with
Social Identity
what categories make you unique
Acquired Identities
identities that we can choose, i.e. music taste, sports teams, etc.
Social Creativity
belief that group is positively distinct in a different way; finding a way to feel good about your group on another dimension
Fit
how well a categorization fits social reality
Comparative fit
accounts for similarities and differences between people
Convergence
move to be more similar to convo partner
Maintenance
sustaining one's default communication style
Downward convergence
shift to less prestigious speech to match lower group status
Accommodation
motivation to decrease social distance
Under-accommodation
recognizing what people want in an encounter, but giving them less
Enacted identity
how do I perform my identities?; playing a role
Interpenetration
process of blending or united elements of identity
Interpersonal Comm.
defined by unique qualities of individuals
Group
set of individuals that share something in common
Social Categories
categories/stereotypes employed during perception and impression formation (how we view others)
Social Identity
sense of who we are based on the groups we belong to
Salience
when a social identity matters to us/is at the top of our mind (chronic/temporary)
Positive Distinctiveness
how our groups are different in a positive way
Ingroup
groups we identify with
Outgroups
groups we do not identify with
Minimal Group Paradigm
membership of specific groups can drive people to act like other group members
Social cognition
us vs. them thinking; understanding and interacting with others in social situations
Self-Concept
the mental picture of who we are
Personal identity
what makes you unique
Identification
how we attach ourselves to groups for psychological benefits
Ascribed Identities
identities that are assigned to us, we cannot choose these identities; i.e. race, ethnicity, sexuality, etc.
Positive Distinctiveness
desire to make ingroup distinctly different from the outgroup in a positive way
Realistic Threat
risk to the ingroups safety, economic standing, politics, or well-being
Symbolic threat
risk to non-material goods like morals, values, norms, attitudes, and esteem
Social Mobility
belief in possibility of passing from one group to another
Social Competition
belief in possibility of reversing the status hierarchy - pointing out why your group is just as good/better
Prototypes
mental images of someone with a specific social identity; transmitted through language, media, clothing, etc.
Stereotypes
application of prototypes when encountering groups of people
Accessibility
how easily a social category comes to mind; can be chronically or temporarily accessible
Normative fit
when a person fits the stereotype
Self-categorization theory
theory where perceivers are both individual and group members; how and when people will define themselves as an individual or group member
Code Switching
alternating use of two languages in the same stretch of discourse by bilingual speaker (often thought of un context of race/identity)
Referential communication
facts, ideas, emotions = info i want you to know
Social category communication
signaling identity/group membership; groups i want you to know i belong to
Divergence
move to be more different from convo partners
Upward convergence
shift to more prestigious speech to match higher group status
Upward divergence
shift to more prestigious to be different from lower status group
Downward divergence
shift to less prestigious speech to be different from high status group
Over-accommodation
giving too much of what we think people want, can be perceived as negative or condescending
Personal identity
who am i?; unique self
Relational identity
who am i to others?; who we become in relationships to others
Communal identity
how does my community define my identities?; socially constructed by society
Note 
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