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Narration (definition)
a storytelling method that recounts events to support a central thesis, usually using chronology as a framework.
Narration (purpose)
to establish the wider significance of a story within a culture; to create a sense of relatability
Description (definition)
emphasizes a high level of sensory details (sounds, smells, tastes, feelings, etc.) within a narrative
Description (purpose)
to establish a mood/atmosphere in connection with a topic; to humanize a topic in a way that promotes connection and understanding
Process Analysis (definition)
a clear explanation of how something works, how something was done, and/or how something came to be the way it is/was; uses frequent transitions
Process Analysis (purpose)
to clarify key steps or stages in a way that promotes connection and comprehension.
Exemplification/Illustration (definition)
providing a series of examples as logical proof to support a conclusion or to clarify a concept
Exemplification/Illustration (purpose)
to emphasize a point/perspective; to transform general/abstract ideas into concrete/understandable ones
Comparison and Contrast (definition)
juxtaposing two things to highlight their similarities and differences
Comparison and Contrast (purpose)
to analyze information; to provide deeper insight into information/data
Classification and Division (definition)
sorting material or ideas into major categories (looking at what goes together and why)
Classification and Division (purpose)
to make distinctions that break down larger ideas into smaller, more understandable parts; to explore a topic in a systematic way that aids comprehension
Definition (definition)
establishes a shared understanding of a meaningful concept/term
Definition (purpose)
to establish a shared language in service of deeper analysis; to create a flexible/open understanding of an idea/concept
Cause and Effect (definition)
establishes a relationship between action(s) and outcome(s)
Cause and Effect (purpose)
to highlight both the intended and unintended effects of a choice/action; to emphasize the logical — but complex — interaction of variables contributing to a given situation; to clarify mistaken logic/assumptions about the relationship between/among two or more things
