Introduction to Programming Languages

This set of vocabulary flashcards covers the fundamental concepts, classifications, and principles of programming languages as presented in the lecture notes.

Programming Languages

Formal systems that allow humans to write instructions for computers to execute, acting as a bridge between human ideas and machine execution.

Syntax

The rules that define how code must be written correctly, similar to grammar in human languages.

Semantics

The meaning behind instructions, defining what the code actually does when it is executed.

Human-Centered Design

A design approach for languages that emphasizes readability and structure to reflect human thinking and communication.

Fundamental Programming Concepts

The core components that form the foundation of all programming languages, including variables, data types, control structures, and functions.

Problem Decomposition

The strategy of breaking large, complex problems into smaller, manageable parts to help design clear, step-by-step solutions.

Readability

A principle of language design essential for teamwork and long-term maintenance of code.

Reliability

A principle ensuring that code behaves consistently regardless of usage scenarios.

Portability

The ability of code to run across different systems without needing significant changes.

Low-Level Languages

Languages like machine code and assembly that interact closely with hardware and provide high performance but are difficult for humans to read.

High-Level Languages

Languages such as Python and Java that are human-readable and simplify programming through the use of abstraction.

Programming Paradigms

Different ways to organize code and solve problems, including procedural, object-oriented, and functional styles.

Automation

The application of programming to handle repetitive tasks and efficient data processing to enhance productivity.

Accuracy

A critical aspect of programming where small errors in logic can cause incorrect outcomes, highlighting the responsibility of the programmer.