Midterm Review Neuroscience

The thalamus and hypothalamus are the two major structures of what?

Diencephalon

What two functions are NOT functions of the thalamus?

Regulating body temperature and fatigue

The ___ is the body’s homeostatic regulatory system

hypothalamus

The two cerebral hemispheres are separated by the ___. They are connected by the ___

longitudinal fissure, corpus callosum

The thin layer of gray matter on the surface of the cerebral hemisphere is called [x] It is responsible for higher-level processes of the human brain. 

cerebral cortex

The primary motor cortex is on the __ gyrus of the__ lobe.  The primary somatosensory cortex is on the __ gyrus of the __ lobe.  The primary auditory cortex is on the __ of the __ lobe.  The primary visual cortex is on the __ walls of the fissure in the __ lobe

precentral, frontal, postcentral, parietal, Heschl’s gyri, temporal, calcarine, occipital

Executive functions are primarily located in

the prefrontal cortex

The boundary between the frontal and parietal lobes is the __.  The boundary between the frontal and temporal lobes is the __.

central sulcus, lateral sulcus

The superior and inferior parietal lobules are divided by the

intraparietal sulcus

What are the functions of Broca's and Wernicke's area? 

The main functions of Broca's area are language processing, coordination of speech movements, and speech production.  Language reception and comprehension are the main functions of Wernicke's area.

What are the two categories of functions of the limbic system?

emotion and memory

Describe the location of the limbic system.

The location of the limbic system is deep within the brain and contains the hypothalamus, amygdala, and cingulate cortex.

The midline structure of the cerebellum is the

vermis

The _____________________________ is the largest set of commissural fibers.

corpus callosum

Motor planning occurs in the

premotor cortex

The ____________________________ is comprised of projection fibers that squeeze between the basal ganglia and thalamus.

internal capsule

Corticospinal fibers travel from the cerebral cortex to the spinal cord.  Based on this description, we know they are

projection fibers

What are the three layers of meninges?

dura mater, arachnoid layer, pia mater

What is the function of the Circle of Willis?

The function of the Circle of Willis involves permitting circular blood flow through interconnected cerebral and communicating arteries.  This is believed to be able to compensate for the loss of blood of a chief cerebral artery.

The corona radiata extends from what?

internal capsule

Principal fiber pathway providing this connectivity is the massive __

corpus callosum

Which artery is significantly important for speech pathology due to it can cause expressive and receptive language disorders due to blood lose in the artery?

MCA