Products, Practices, Perspectives--the 3 Ps of Culture
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41 Terms
Practices
Patterns of social interactions and behaviors
Products
Tangible or intangible creations of a culture
Perspectives
Philosophical perspectives, attitudes, values, and beliefs of a culture
Tangible products
Paintings, cathedral, literature, chopsticks
Intangible products
Oral tale, dance, sacred ritual, system of education, law
Examples of Practices
Use of space, rites of passage, forms of discourse, social 'pecking order', meal times, table manners, playing behaviors, gestures and nonverbal communication, turn-taking, traditions related to holiday celebrations, shopping behaviors, socially appropriate behaviors for interviewing, dating, weddings, funerals
Examples of Products
Toys, household items, pottery, musical instruments, traditional and contemporary dress, types of dwellings, foods, sports equipment, social, economic, political institutions, artwork, tools, political cartoons
Examples of Perspectives
Importance of family, youth valued over age or vice versa, importance of individual freedom and independence, belief that bigger is better, valuing of sports/entertainment over education, values attached to bilingualism, multilingualism, monolingualism, value associated with personal privacy, value of having ownership, belief that humans are part of the natural world and must respect and care for it
Relationship among the three
Cultural products are required or justified by the underlying beliefs and values of a culture, and cultural practices involve the use of those products
PERSPECTIVE: Valuing youth and looks more than old age
PRODUCTS: face creams, makeup, fitness equipment, diet pills
PRACTICES: going to a fitness club, plastic surgery,makeup
Product
Something created for a purpose, by the culture and for the culture
Practice
Something that is usually or regularly done, often as a habit, tradition, or custom
Perspective
A belief, value, point of view; something the culture views as important or not
What underlies most Products and Practices? What is "beneath the surface" of the "cultural iceburg".
Perspectives
Clothing
Product
the food
Product
Dances
Product
Language
Product
job
Product
Getting your license at 16
Practice
After dinner at a restaurant, paying your bill and leaving right away
Practice
Families and friends spend time talking at table together after a meal
Practice
Watching fireworks on the 4th of July
Practice
The importance of honoring lost loved ones each year
Perspective
Wearing black at a funeral to signify grief and/or respect
Practice
Religious beliefs
Perspective
The importance of leisure time and relaxation
Perspective
Ideas about table manners
Perspective
Coca-Cola
Product
eleborate tea ceremony
practice
Wearing traditional clothing on holidays
Practice
The importance of honoring ancestors
Perspective
Living at home with parents until married out of custom
Practice
BMW
Product
Watching "Dinner for One" on New Years Eve
Practice
Making New Years resolutions out of a belief that each year is a fresh start
Perspective
Not making direct eye contact b/c it is seen as rude/disrespectful
Perspective
Making eye contact b/c it is seen as respectful and honest and creates trust
Perspective
Laws
Product (very driven by perspectives!)
The belief in individualism over collectivism (or vice versa)
Perspective