Taxonomy

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Taxonomy

The science of classifying organisms

Taxonomists

Scientist who classifies organisms

The value in classifying organisms

1. Species identification

2. Predictive value

3. Evolutionary links

Who devised the biological classfication system

Linnaneus

Binomial nomenclature

“two-names”, each organism is given a two part Latin name, also known as the scientific name.

Binomial nomeclature of humans

Homo sapiens

… and sometimes … used for …

Latin - Greek - used today for naming species.

Why is Latin and Ancient Greek used?

They’re dead languages no countries national language.

Provides a common language for all scientist regardless of nationality.

The first part of the scientific name is …

Genus (pl. Genera), first letter always capitalized.

The second part of the scientific name is …

Species, never used alone.

Scientific name should be …

typed in italics, or underlined when handwritten

Species

A biological group of organisms that resemble eachother (variation and sexual dimorphism can exist), capable of mating with eachother and produce a fertile offspring.

Genus

A group of similar species

Taxa

(sing. Taxon)

Category used to classify all organisms

All taxa levels

Domain → Kingdom → Phylum → Class → Order → Family → Genus → Species

Five kingdom classification

Kingdom Plantae, Kingdom Animalia, Kingdom Protista, Kingdom Fungi, Kingdom Monera

Kingdom … seperated into two kingdoms …

Kingdom Monera into Kindgom Eubacteria and Kingdom Archaebacteria

Six kingdom classification

Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, Plantae, Animalia, Protista, Fungi

Domain

More inclusive category than any other - larger than a kingdom

The three domain

domain Eukarya, domain Bacteria, and domain Archaea

… more related to … than … to ….

Domain Archae is more related to domain eukarya than it is to domain bacteria.

Kingdom that belongs to domain Bacteria

Eubacteria

Kingdom that belongs to domain Archae

Archaebacteria

Kingdoms that belongs to domain Eukarya

k. Plantae, k. Animalia, k. Fungi, k. Protista

Cell type of domain Bacteria and domain Archae is …

Prokaryote

Cell type of domain Eukarya is …

Eukaryote

Human’s taxa

Domain Eukarya,

Kingdom Animalia,

Phylum Chordata,

Class Mammalia,

Order Primates,

Family Hominidae,

Genus Homo,

Species Homo sapiens