Westward Expansion and Sectional Strife Study Guide

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22 Terms

1

Manifest Destiny

Belief in U.S. continental expansion.

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2

John L. O'Sullivan

Journalist who coined 'Manifest Destiny' in 1845.

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3

Texas Independence

Texas gained independence before joining the U.S.

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4

Mexican-American War

Conflict leading to U.S. territorial gains.

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5

Oregon Territory

Land sought by U.S. for expansion.

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6

Fifty-Four Forty or Fight

Slogan for U.S. control of Oregon.

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7

California Gold Rush

Mass migration to California after 1848 gold discovery.

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8

Sutter's Mill

Site where gold was discovered in 1848.

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9

Dawes Act

1887 law dividing Native American tribal land.

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10

Homestead Act

1862 law providing free land to settlers.

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11

Transcontinental Railroad

Completed in 1869, connecting East and West.

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12

Sectional Tension

Increased conflict over slavery in new states.

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13

Compromise of 1850

Series of laws addressing slavery and territories.

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14

Fugitive Slave Act

Required return of runaway slaves to owners.

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15

Bleeding Kansas

Violence over slavery in Kansas territory.

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16

Dred Scott Decision

Supreme Court ruling denying citizenship to African Americans.

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17

Political Parties Split

Parties divided over the issue of slavery.

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18

Whig Party Collapse

Decline of Whigs led to Republican formation.

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19

Lincoln-Douglas Debates

Famous debates focusing on slavery's expansion.

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20

Republican Ascendancy

Rise of Republicans culminated in Lincoln's election.

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21

Southern Secession

Southern states left the Union fearing slavery's end.

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22

Civil War Prelude

Tensions over slavery led to impending conflict.

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