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Conduction’s objects…
touch
Induction’s objects…
don’t touch
How do conduction’s electrons flow?
from one object to another
How do induction’s electrons flow?
from one object into the ground
What type of charge do conduction objects have?
same
What type of charge do induction objects have?
opposite
What do induction and conduction have in common?
Both have one charge and one uncharged object
Describe the factors that affect the electric force.
The electric force is directly related to the magnitude of the charges and inversely related to the square of the distance between the charges. Electric force can be attractive between oppositely charged objects, or it can be repulsive if the charges are the same.
What are the three methods for putting a static charge on an object?
friction, conduction, and induction
Describe charging by friction.
Charging by friction occurs when two objects are rubbed together so that electrons can be transferred from one object, making it positive, to a second object, making it negative.
Compare electric force and gravitational force.
Both forces are field forces and are inversely related to the distance between two bodies. Gravitational force is an attractive force due to the interaction of the masses of two objects. Electric force can be attractive or repulsive and is due to the interaction of the charges of two objects.
What will happen to the electric force if we triple the distance between two objects?
The force will be one-ninth of its original value.
What will happen to the electric force if we reduce the distance between the charges to one-fourth of the original value?
The force will be sixteen times larger.
What is an electric circuit?
An electric circuit is a complete loop through which charge can flow.
What is electric current?
Electric current is the flow of charges.
What is an open circuit?
An open circuit is an incomplete circuit, one that prevents current.
How are DC and AC similar to each other? How are they different?
DC and AC are both the flow of charge in a circuit.
In DC, the charges move in only one direction; in AC the charges change direction.
Compare electrical conductors and electrical insulators.
An electrical conductor is a material through which charge moves easily. An electrical insulator is a material through which charges move poorly.
What makes charge flow?
The electric potential difference, or voltage, provides the “force” to move charges.
How is energy stored in a battery?
as chemical energy.
What characteristics of a wire determine the resistance in that wire?
The resistance in a wire is determined by its length, its diameter, its temperature, and the resistivity of the material that it’s made of.
What will happen to the resistance in a wire if we double its length? Explain.
The resistance in the wire will also double. Resistance is directly related to wire length. The charge carriers have to travel through twice as much wire. Therefore the potential for collisions that slow down the current is doubled.
Summarize Ohm’s law.
The current through a circuit is directly related to the voltage applied and inversely related to the resistance in the circuit.
Your friend claims that adding fuses and circuit breakers adds unnecessary cost to constructing a building. Do you agree or disagree? Explain.
The student should disagree. Fuses and circuit breakers prevent circuits from overheating. Their presence protects a building and, more importantly, a building’s occupants. We are commanded to meet the needs of people, and protection is a vital need.
What is the benefit of having ground fault interrupters (GFI) in our houses?
A GFI opens a circuit when excessive current is present due to a short circuit. A GFI is an outlet that includes a circuit breaker. GFIs are used in areas that are likely to experience short circuits due to the presence of water near an electrical circuit.
What is the electrical load of a circuit?
The electrical load of a circuit refers to any device that consumes electrical power in that circuit.
What is a short circuit?
A short circuit is any unintended path of current.
What type of meter measures current?
an ammeter
Define series circuit.
A series circuit is a circuit that has only one path that current can move through.
How does a parallel circuit differ from a series circuit?
A parallel circuit has two or more paths for a current, while a series circuit has only one.
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