ICEFLAGS-Illusions

inversion illusion

An abrupt change from climb to straight and level flight can cause the illusion of tumbling backwards, therefore the pilot creates a nose low attitude to fix.

Coriolis illusion (turn your head)

When a pilot has been in a turn long enough that the body gets use to it. When the pilot turns his head it can create the illusion the planes moving in an entirely different plane.

elevator illusion

An abrupt vertical acceleration (updraft/downdraft) can cause the pilot to think he is climbing/descending and therefore fixes by putting the nose down or up

False Horizon

sloping clouds, dark spread of ground lights, etc. can create a false horizon which can put the pilot in dangerous attitudes

Leans

returning to level flight after a prolonged turn can create the illusion of turning in the opposite direction

Autokinesis

If starred at to long a stationary light may appear to move, making the pilot follow and lose heading

Graveyard Spiral

During a prolonged turn, the pilot feels as though he isn't turning, when returning to level flight, the pilot feels a sensation of turning in the opposite direction making the pilot return to the original turn. As the aircraft loses altitude(because of the turn) he pulls back on the yoke tightening the turn and causing more altitude loss

Somatogravic Illusion

Rapid acceleration can create the same effect as tilting the head back and causes the pilot to think he's in a nose up attitude, corrects by going nose low, this can also be applied with deceleration