Chapter 3 Keyterms list

age structure

Percentage of the population (or number of people of each sex) at each age level in a population.

affluence

abundance; wealth

birth rate

the number of births in a population in a certain amount of time

death rate

The number of deaths in a population in a certain amount of time

Demography

The scientific study of population characteristics.

demographic transition

change in a population from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates

characteristics of developing and developed countries

Low Per Capita Income. High Levels of Poverty. Dependence on Agriculture. Rapid Population Growth. Weak Infrastructure. Health Challenges. Limited Human Capital.

doubling time formula

70/growth rate %

emigration

movement of individuals out of an area

family planning

the practice of regulating the number or spacing of offspring through the use of birth control

fertility rate

the average number of children a woman of childbearing years would have in her lifetime, if she had children at the current rate for her country

immigration

Movement of individuals into a population

life expectancy

A figure indicating how long, on average, a person may be expected to live

migration

A movement from one country or region to another

population change

(births + immigration) - (deaths + emigration)

replacement-level fertility

the total fertility rate required to offset the average number of deaths in a population in order to maintain the current population size

total fertility rate (TFR)

The average number of children a woman will have throughout her childbearing years.

infant mortality rate

the number of infant deaths per 1,000 live births