COMMERCIAL Agriculture

Plantation Farming: Intensive or Extensive

Intensive

Plantation Farming: World Locations

TROPICAL: Latin America, Sub-Saharan Africa, Southeast Asia

Plantation Farming: Agricultural Products

Coffee, Sugar, Cotton, Chocolate, Fruits

Plantation Farming: Challenges

1. Economic: Low pay for workers

2. Political: Possible Neo-Colonialism

3. Environmental: Deforestation from increased demand

Mixed Crop & Livestock: Intensive vs Extensive

Intensive

Mixed Crop & Livestock: World Locations

MODERATE: Continental; Midwest U.S. & Canada, Central Europe

Mixed Crop & Livestock: Agricultural Products

CORN (used to feed livestock animals)

Mixed Crop & Livestock: Challenges

1. Social: Product quality due to corn/grain feeding, Food going to animals vs people

2. Environmental: Soil & water pollution from animal run-off

Grain Farming: Intensive or Extensive

Intensive (some say extensive because of large tracts of land)

Grain Farming: World Locations

DRY, CONTINENTAL: North Central U.S., South Central Canada, Eastern Europe

Grain Farming: Agricultural Products

Wheat, barley, oats, millet, sorghum

Grain Farming: Challenges

1. Economic: Subsidized by the government (U.S.)

2. Environmental: Heavy use of fertilizers & pesticides

Market Gardening/Truck Farming: Intensive or Extensive

Intensive

Market Gardening/Truck Farming: World Locations

MODERATE: Eastern U.S., South West Australia

Market Gardening/Truck Farming: Agricultural Products

Apples, lettuce, tomatoes, berries, flowers, herbs

Market Gardening/Truck Farming: Challenges

1. Economic: Low pay for workers; migrants are often used

2. Environmental: Heavy use of fertilizers & pesticides

Paddy Rice Farming: Intensive or Extensive

Intensive

Paddy Rice Farming: World Locations

TROPICAL: East Asia, South Asia, Southeast Asia, Central Africa

Paddy Rice Farming: Agricultural Products

RICE

Paddy Rice Farming: Challenges

1. Social: Urbanization is reducing available lands

2. Environmental: Soil erosion & depletion due to overuse of land

3. Environmental: Pests and Disease

4. Environmental: Poor water management

Dairy Farming: Intensive or Extensive

Intensive

Dairy Farming: World Locations

CONTINENTAL: Northeast U.S., Southeast Canada, Northern Europe

Dairy Farming: Agricultural Products

Milk, yogurt, cheese, ice cream

Dairy Farming: Challenges

1. Economic: Loss of value from decreased demand

2. Social: Animal Cruelty

3. Social: Product quality from hormones & antibiotics

4. Political: Dependent on government subsidies

Mediterranean Agriculture: Intensive or Extensive

Intensive

Mediterranean Agriculture: World Locations

MODERATE: Southern Europe, Northern coast of Africa, California

Mediterranean Agriculture: Agricultural Products

Olives, nuts, dates, wine grapes, citrus

Mediterranean Agriculture: Challenges

1. Economic: Expensive goods due to exports

2. Environmental: Loss of land due to increasing temperatures

Livestock Ranching: Intensive or Extensive

Extensive

Livestock Ranching: World Locations

DRY: Western U.S, Southwest South America, Central Asia, Southern Africa

Livestock Ranching: Agricultural Products

BEEF

Livestock Ranching: Challenges

1. Economic: Hard to make profit due to feedlot production

2. Environmental: CO2 Emissions (methane), soil & water pollution, Less grasslands due to desertification of land

Livestock Feedlots: Intensive or Extensive

Intensive

Livestock Feedlots: World Locations

DRY: Midwest & Western U.S.

Livestock Feedlots: Agricultural Products

Beef, Pork, Poultry

Livestock Feedlots: Challenges

1. Social: Animal Cruelty

2. Environmental: CO2 Emissions (methane), soil & water pollution