Cell Junctions w/ ECMs

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25 Terms

1
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What are the primary components of gap junctions?

connexins!

2
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Plasmodesmata

  • allow plant cells to transfer RNA and proteins

  • much larger than gap junctions

  • cell membranes between two cells are continuous

    • allows plant cells to communicate despite cell wall

3
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What is the singular form of Plasmodesmata?

Plasmodesma

4
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Summary: What are the Anchoring Cell Junctions?

  1. Adherens junctions

  2. Desmosome

  3. Hemidesmosome

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What are the major components of the Anchoring Cell Junctions?

  1. Adherens junctions = Cadherines

  2. Desmosome = Cadherines

  3. Hemidesmosome = Integrins

6
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What are the Cytoskeletal Attachments of the Anchoring Cell Junctions?

  1. Adherens junctions = Microfilaments

  2. Desmosome = Intermediate Filaments

  3. Hemidesmosome = Intermediate Filaments

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What are the Primary Function of the Anchoring Cell Junctions?

  1. Adherens Junctions = Cell-cell Adhesion

  2. Desmosome = Cell-cell Adhesion

  3. Hemidesmosome = Cell-extracellular matrix adhesion

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Summary: What are the Barrier Cell Junctions?

Tight Junctions

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Summary: What are the Barrier Cell Junctions’ major component(s)?

  1. claudins

  2. occludins

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Summary: What are the Barrier Cell Junctions’ primary function(s)?

Epithelial boundary

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Summary: What are the Communication Cell Junctions?

  1. Gap Junction

  2. Plasmodesma

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Summary: What are the Communication Cell Junctions’ major component(s)?

  1. Gap Junction = Connexins

  2. Plasmodesma = Cell Membrane

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Summary: What are the Communication Cell Junctions’ primary function(s)?

  1. Gap Junction = Animal cell comms

  2. Plasmodesma = Plant cell comms

14
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Summary Table

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15
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What is the ECM? Tell me about it.

Extracellular Matrix

  • layer of material secreted y region of cell membrane in extracellular matrix

  • formed from insoluble mix of proteins and polysaccharides

  • Two general functions:

    • act as a supportive & protective material

    • allow for expression of different cell functions

<h2 id="6cd226b9-9dae-42f7-90a6-a08c249c1bc6" data-toc-id="6cd226b9-9dae-42f7-90a6-a08c249c1bc6" collapsed="false" seolevelmigrated="true"><span style="color: rgb(120, 133, 139);"><span>Extracellular Matrix</span></span></h2><ul><li><p>layer of material secreted y region of cell membrane in extracellular matrix</p></li><li><p>formed from insoluble mix of proteins and polysaccharides</p></li><li><p>Two general functions:</p><ul><li><p>act as a supportive &amp; protective material</p></li><li><p>allow for expression of different cell functions</p></li></ul></li></ul><p></p>
16
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What in plants is a type of ECM?Tell me more.

cell wall

  • composed of 3 layers

17
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What are the 3 layers of Plant ECMs?

  1. Middle Lamella

  2. Primary Cell Wall

  3. Secondary Cell Wall

18
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Tell me about the Middle Lamella

  • made of carbs

  • main mechanism by which plant cells adhere to one another

19
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Tell me about the Primary Cell Wall

  • thin+flexible

  • made of cellulose fibres, pectin, and several other proteins

<ul><li><p>thin+flexible</p></li><li><p>made of cellulose fibres, pectin, and several other proteins</p></li></ul><p></p>
20
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Tell me about the Secondary Cell Wall

  • rigid

  • made of cellulose and lignin

    • hardens cell wall and makes it water resistant

21
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What about Animal ECM? Tell me about that

  • connective tissue is extensive in ECM

  • mixture of proteins and polysaccharides secreted by cells

  • composed of large fibrous proteins

    • including collagen, elastin and laminin

  • these proteins are found in gel-like polysaccharide matrix

<ul><li><p>connective tissue is <u>extensive</u> in ECM</p></li><li><p>mixture of proteins and polysaccharides secreted by cells</p></li><li><p>composed of large fibrous proteins</p><ul><li><p>including collagen, elastin and laminin</p></li></ul></li><li><p>these proteins are found in gel-like polysaccharide matrix</p></li></ul><p></p>
22
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Tell me about Collagen

  • most abundant protein in animal ECM

    • most abundant animal protein

  • type 1 collagen is most abundant

  • found in dermis of human skin

  • composed of intertwined fibres that make it stronger

  • triple helix

  • bundle of collagen → fibrils → fibres

<ul><li><p>most abundant protein in animal ECM</p><ul><li><p>most abundant animal protein</p></li></ul></li><li><p>type 1 collagen is <strong>most abundant</strong></p></li><li><p>found in dermis of human skin</p></li><li><p>composed of intertwined fibres that make it stronger </p></li><li><p><span style="color: rgb(158, 151, 100);"><strong>triple helix</strong></span></p></li><li><p>bundle of collagen → fibrils → fibres</p></li></ul><p></p>
23
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What is the importance of collagen being in the dermis of human skin?

provides support for skin structure

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Tell me about Basal Lamina

specialized layer of extracellular matrix that is present beneath all epithilial tissue

  • provides a structural foundation for epithelial tissues

  • consists of several proteins

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What proteins make up Basal Lamina? What do they do?

Collagen!

  • provides flexible support

  • acts as a scaffold

    • other proteins to assemble on to