Origins of Islamic Civilization Quiz

Hejaz

Region where Mecca and Medina are located

Bedouins

Group of nomadic people in Arabia

Jahl

Ignorance

Hilm

Forbearance, the mark of good leaders

Ships of the desert

Camel caravans

Hanifs

Pre-Islamic Arabs that had monotheistic faiths

Mecca

Birthplace of Muhammad

Quraysh

Muhammad's tribe

Kaba

A religious shrine in Arabia that eventually became a holy site in Islam

Khadija

First wife of Muhammad and first Islamic convert

Qur'an

Holy book of Islam that was revealed to Muhammad

Medina

City were Muhammed went to escape persecution

Hijra

Muhammad's migration to Medina

Umma

The community of all Muslims

Five Pillars of Islam

Shahada, salat, sawm, zakat, hajj

Shahada

Declaration of faith

Salat

Five daily prayers

Sawm

Fasting during Ramadan

Zakat

Taxing

Hajj

Pilgrimage to Mecca

Hadith

Records of the deeds and words of Muhammad

Sira

Biography of Muhammad

Shirk

The sin of idolatry or polytheism

Jummah

Friday prayer

Khutba

Friday services

Caliph

Successor to Muhammad as political and military leader of Islam

Sunnis

A branch of Islam that accepted Abu Bakr as the rightful successor to Muhammad

Abu Bakr

First Caliph who was a friend of Muhammad

Shi'ites

A branch of Islam that claimed that Ali was the rightful successor to Muhammad

Umar

Second Caliph who continues expanding Islamic territory and starts appointing Emirs

Uthman

Third Caliph who appoints Sunnis to high government positions and gets murdered by Shi'ites

Ali

Fourth caliph who is supported by Shi'ites and fights a civil war against Muawiya

Muawiya

Fifth Caliph who finds momentary peace with Hasan

Yazid

Sixth Caliph and Muawiya's son who kills Hussein's family

Battle of Kabala

Battle were Yazid massacred the Shi'ite family of Hussein

Day of Ashura

Memorial of the Battle of Kabala

Imams

Shi'a religious leaders

Mahdi

Imam who Shi'ites believe will return as a messiah

Hasan

Ali's younger son

Hussein

Ali's older son

Cordoba Caliphate

Period of Al-Andalus were their leader declared himself Caliph

Damascus

Syrian city that was capital of Umayyad caliphate

Baghdad

Capital of the Abbasid Caliphate

Harun al-Rashid

Ruler of the Abbasid caliphate who expanded trade and culture

House of Wisdom

Center of learning established in Baghdad

Madrasas

Islamic schools

Hindu-Arabic numerals

Modern number system

Shariah law

Islamic law derived from the Qur'an

Astrolabe

Instrument used by sailors to determine their location by observing the position of the stars and planets

Celestial globe

Spherical representation of the sky

Ibn Sina

Islamic scientist who compiled medical texts

Ibn Rushd

Muslim philosopher who translated and studied classical texts

Rubaiyat

An epic poem