Networking Study Guide

Flashcards for the Networking test, covering key concepts from lecture notes, supplemental material, and videos.

Decimal to Binary Conversion

The process of changing a base-10 number into its base-2 equivalent.

Binary to Decimal Conversion

The process of changing a base-2 number into its base-10 equivalent.

Binary Code

The base-2 numbering system used by computers to represent data using only 0s and 1s because their electronic circuits easily represent two states.

TCP/IP Model

A four-layer conceptual model for network communication, consisting of the Network Access, Internet, Transport, and Application layers.

Network Access Layer (TCP/IP)

The lowest layer of the TCP/IP model, responsible for the physical transmission of data and managing access to the network medium.

Internet Layer (TCP/IP)

The layer responsible for addressing, routing, and packaging data into IP datagrams for transmission across networks.

Transport Layer (TCP/IP)

The layer responsible for end-to-end communication, segmenting data, and ensuring reliable data transfer between applications.

Application Layer (TCP/IP)

The topmost layer, providing network services directly to end-user applications.

Protocol Data Unit (PDU)

A single unit of information transmitted between peer entities of a computer network, specific to each layer (e.g., segments, packets, frames).

Router

A networking device that operates at the Internet layer, forwarding data packets between different computer networks.

Switch

A networking device that operates primarily at the Network Access layer (Data Link sub-layer), forwarding data frames within a local area network.

Data Encapsulation

The process of adding protocol header information to data as it moves down through the layers of the TCP/IP model for transmission.

Data De-encapsulation

The process of removing protocol header information from data as it moves up through the layers of the TCP/IP model after reception.