AQA GCSE Y1O Stem cells and Mitosis

Mitosis

Cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes

Daughter cell

The two new cells that result from mitosis and cytokinesis

Chromosome

A threadlike, gene-carrying structure found in the nucleus. Consisting of one very long DNA molecule and associated proteins.

Cell cycle

The regular sequence of growth and division that cells undergo

Asexual reproduction

Process by which a single parent reproduces by itself

DNA

A complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes.

Undifferentiated

Not having a specialized function or structure

Differentiated

Cells with specialized characteristics

Stem cell

Unspecialized cell that can give rise to one or more types of specialized cells

Clone

An organism that is genetically identical to the organism from which it was produced

Embryonic stem cell

An undifferentiated cell, taken from an embryo that has potential to give rise to various other cell or tissue types

Adult stem cells

Stem cells that are found in adults that can differentiate and form a limited number of cells

Therapeutic cloning

The production of embryonic stem cells for use in replacing or repairing damaged tissues or organs

Ethical

Having to do with morals, values, right and wrong

Meristems

Plant tissue that remains embryonic as long as the plant lives, allowing specialisation into all cells .