AC Ancient Rome Vocab

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Twelve Tables

a set of laws that were engraved on 12 bronze tablets

Romulus and Remus

Two twin brothers who (according to myths) founded Rome

Republic

a state in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives, and which has an elected or nominated president rather than a monarch.

senate

the most powerful group in the Roman government who controlled the treasury

plebeian

not as wealthy group of the patricians. This group included artisans, shopkeepers, and owners of small farms.

patrician

rome’s ruling class. This group were wealthy landowners.

consul

administrators and army leaders. It was the highest executive official.

veto

the right to reject, latin for “i forbid”

phalanx

tactical formation consisting of a block of heavily armed infantry standing shoulder to shoulder in files several ranks deep

aqueduct

a channel used to transport fresh water to highly populated areas

tribune

a leader and protector of the people

gladiator

a person trained to fight for public entertainment

imperium

the supreme executive power in the Roman state, involving both military and judicial authority

etruscans

people of an ancient inhabitant of Etrusia

maniples

a military unit

julias ceasar

a Roman general and statesman

first triumvirate

an informal political alliance among three prominent politicians in the late Roman Republic: Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus, Marcus Licinius Crassus, and Gaius Julius Caesar

forum

a public place where everyone could go and see the laws(like a town center)

Pax Romana

a period of peace in the Mediterranean World

mercanary

soldiers that are hired to fight rather than being part of a national defense system

vernacular

refers to the everyday, informal, spoken language of a specific region or group of people, contrasting with formal or literary language

Pantheon

a temple dedicated to the twelve Gods and to the living Sovran

princeps

first in time or order; the first, foremost, chief, the most eminent, distinguished, or noble; the first person(emperor)

despotism/despot

first in time or order; the first, foremost, chief, the most eminent, distinguished, or noble; the first person

Octavian

the first emperor of ancient Rome

Latins

an ancient Italic people of the Latium region in central Italy

autocracy

a system of government where one man holds power