Albert Camus pt1
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110 Terms
L'absurde
The Absurd; the conflict between humanity’s inherent desire for meaning in life and the indifferent, meaningless universe.
La révolte
The revolt/rebellion; standing up against the absurd, often by creating one's own meaning and values.
Le Sisyphus
Sisyphus; a mythical figure who eternally rolls a boulder uphill, symbolizing humanity's futile struggle for meaning.
L'étranger
The Stranger; refers to the feeling of alienation or being an outsider in the world, often disconnected from conventional society.
L'absurde
The Absurd; the conflict between humanity’s inherent desire for meaning in life and the indifferent, meaningless universe.
La révolte
The revolt/rebellion; standing up against the absurd, often by creating one's own meaning and values.
Le Sisyphus
Sisyphus; a mythical figure who eternally rolls a boulder uphill, symbolizing humanity's futile struggle for meaning.
L'étranger
The Stranger; refers to the feeling of alienation or being an outsider in the world, often disconnected from conventional society.
La peste
The Plague; a metaphor for evil, suffering, and the human condition, often representing an oppressive, existential threat.
Le soleil
The sun; often used by Camus to represent an overwhelming, indifferent force, sometimes contributing to a character’s discomfort or existential awareness.
La conscience
Consciousness/Awareness; a key element in understanding and confronting the absurd, realizing one’s own existence.
L'existence
Existence; the state of being; a central theme in existentialist thought, emphasizing the reality of individual being.
La liberté
Freedom; the capacity to choose and act, especially in the face of an indifferent world, central to Camus's philosophy of rebellion.
Le destin
Destiny/Fate; often contrasted with human freedom, Camus suggests we create our own meaning rather than being bound by a predetermined fate.
La passion
Passion; intense emotion or desire; in Camus, often linked to living fully and authentically despite the absurd.
Le bonheur
Happiness; a state of well-being; Camus suggests that happiness can still be found even in the recognition of the absurd.
L'espoir
Hope; the feeling that events will turn out well; Camus often writes about the futility of traditional hope in the face of the absurd.
La mort
Death; the end of life; a fundamental aspect of the absurd, as it renders all human endeavors ultimately meaningless.
Le néant
The void/nothingness; the absence of meaning or existence, often associated with the absurd.
La solitude
Solitude/Loneliness; a common feeling experienced by characters confronting the absurd, alienated from societal norms.
La culpabilité
Guilt; the state of having committed an offense; explored in various characters who struggle with moral choices.
L'innocence
Innocence; the state of being free from guilt; often contrasted with the harsh realities of the world.
La justice
Justice; fairness in the way people are treated; a recurring theme, particularly in relation to legal systems and moral judgment.
L'injustice
Injustice; lack of fairness; often depicted as a driving force for rebellion or suffering.
La vérité
Truth; conformity to fact or reality; explored in the search for meaning and the rejection of false comfort.
Le mensonge
The lie/lying; often a means to avoid confronting uncomfortable truths or the absurd.
Le jugement
Judgment; the act of judging, often by society or a legal system, against individual actions and beliefs.
Le sens
Meaning/Sense; the purpose or significance of something; the human search for meaning is central to Camus's work.
L'indifférence
Indifference; lack of interest or concern; often attributed to the universe or society in Camus's writings.
La condition humaine
The human condition; the characteristics, key events, and situations that compose the essentials of human existence.
L'absurdité
Absurdity; the quality or state of being ridiculous or unreasonable, often referring to the lack of inherent meaning in the universe.
La révolte métaphysique
Metaphysical rebellion; a philosophical stance against the human condition as such, specifically the meaninglessness of existence.
Le mythe
The myth; a traditional story, especially one concerning the early history of a people, or explaining a natural or social phenomenon, and typically involving supernatural beings or events.
Le révolté
The rebel; one who rises in opposition or armed resistance against an established government or ruler, or more broadly, against the absurd.
La solidarité
Solidarity; unity or agreement of feeling or action, especially among individuals with a common interest; mutual support within a group.
La fraternité
Brotherhood; the state or quality of being brethren; companionship. Often seen as a response to shared suffering.
L'engagement
Commitment/Engagement; involvement or agreement to do something, especially in a political or moral sense.
La tragédie
Tragedy; a play dealing with tragic events and having an unhappy ending, especially one concerning the downfall of the main character; a disastrous event.
Le crime
The crime; an act punishable by law; often explores the moral implications and the motivations behind it.
La punition
Punishment; the infliction or imposition of a penalty as retribution for an offense.
La souffrance
Suffering; the state of undergoing pain, hardship, or distress; a common element in the human condition.
La valeur
Value; the importance, worth, or usefulness of something; in Camus, values are often created by humans in the face of the absurd.
L'éthique
Ethics; moral principles that govern a person's behavior or the conducting of an activity.
La morale
Morality; principles concerning the distinction between right and wrong or good and bad behavior.
La nature
Nature; the phenomena of the physical world collectively, including plants, animals, the landscape, and other features and products of the earth, as opposed to humans or human creations.
La beauté
Beauty; a combination of qualities, such as shape, color, or form, that pleases the aesthetic senses, especially the sight.
La joie
Joy; a feeling of great pleasure and happiness; possible even amidst the absurd.
La douleur
Pain/Sorrow; highly unpleasant physical sensation caused by illness or injury; emotional suffering.
La quête
The quest; a long or arduous search for something; often a search for meaning or truth.
Le sens de la vie
The meaning of life; the fundamental question explored by Camus, often concluding that there is no inherent meaning but we can create our own.
L'aliénation
Alienation; the state of being isolated from a group or an activity to which one should belong or in which one should be involved.
L'exil
Exile; the state of being barred from one's native country, typically for political or punitive reasons.
L'absent
The absent one; referring to someone or something that is not present, often creating a sense of loss or detachment.
L'ennui
Boredom/Ennui; a feeling of weariness and dissatisfaction, often arising from a lack of occupation or excitement; existential boredom.
L'acte
The act/deed; a thing done; an action. Emphasizes the importance of human actions in defining existence.
Le choix
The choice; an act of choosing between two or more possibilities; fundamental to human freedom and responsibility.
La responsabilité
Responsibility; the state or fact of being accountable or to blame for something.
L'éphémère
The ephemeral; lasting for a very short time; highlights the fleeting nature of life and existence.
La fatalité
Fatality/Doom; the quality of leading to death or disaster; often related to the unavoidable aspects of life, like death.
L'héroïsme
Heroism; great bravery; in Camus, it's often linked to the courageous acceptance of the absurd.
Le désespoir
Despair; the complete loss or absence of hope; a state that can arise from confronting the absurd without rebellion.
La réconciliation
Reconciliation; the restoration of friendly relations. Can refer to reconciling with the human condition.
La misère
Misery/Poverty; a state or feeling of great distress or discomfort; often physical but also existential.
La dignité
Dignity; the state or quality of being worthy of honor or respect; maintaining dignity in the face of suffering.
La révolte individuelle
Individual revolt; a personal defiance against the absurd, distinct from collective revolution.
La résignation
Resignation; the acceptance of something undesirable but inevitable; often contrasted with rebellion.
L'expérience
Experience; practical contact with and observation of facts or events; knowledge or skill resulting from this.
La vie
Life; the condition that distinguishes animals and plants from inorganic matter, including the capacity for growth, reproduction, functional activity, and continual change preceding death.
La clarté
Clarity; the quality of being coherent and intelligible; in Camus, often refers to lucid awareness of the absurd.
Le roman
The novel; a fictitious prose narrative of book length, typically representing character and action with some degree of realism.
Le théâtre
Theater/Play; dramatic works as a form of art, often used by Camus to explore philosophical ideas.
L'essai
The essay; a short piece of writing on a particular subject, often presenting the author's argument or perspective.
L'écrivain
The writer; a person who has written a book, article, or other pieces of writing, as a profession or hobby.
La patrie
Homeland/Fatherland; one's native country. Often a source of identity or conflict for Camus' characters.
La mer
The sea; often symbolizes vastness, indifference, or a return to primal nature in Camus's works.
Le bonheur absurde
Absurd happiness; finding joy and meaning in life despite the recognition of its inherent meaninglessness.
L'éternité
Eternity; infinite time; often contrasted with the finite human existence in the context of the absurd.
La résurrection
Resurrection; the action or fact of a dead person coming back to life; often rejected or reinterpreted in Camus's philosophy.
Le silence
Silence; the complete absence of sound; can represent the universe's indifference to human suffering.
La lumière
Light; the natural agent that stimulates sight and makes things visible; sometimes used to symbolize truth or harsh reality.
L'ombre
Shadow; a dark area or shape produced by a body coming between rays of light and a surface; often juxtaposed with light.
La raison
Reason; the power of the mind to think, understand, and form judgments logically; often inadequate in confronting the absurd.
L'instinct
Instinct; an innate, typically fixed pattern of behavior in animals in response to certain stimuli; a powerful, often irrational force.
La violence
Violence; behavior involving physical force intended to hurt, damage, or kill someone or something; a stark reality in human existence.
La guerre
War; a state of armed conflict between different countries or different groups within a country; a major source of human suffering and absurdity.
Le sacrifice
Sacrifice; an act of giving up something valued for the sake of something else regarded as more important or worthy.
L'individu
The individual; a single human being as distinct from a group or class; central to existentialist thought.
La communauté
The community; a group of people living in the same place or having a particular characteristic in common; often contrasted with individual alienation.
Le regard
The gaze/look; the act of looking at someone or something intensely; often implies judgment or observation.
La mémoire
Memory; the faculty by which the mind stores and remembers information; crucial for identity and narrative.
L'oubli
Forgetting/Oblivion; the state of being unaware or unconscious of something; the state of being forgotten.
La persévérance
Perseverance; persistence in doing something despite difficulty or delay in achieving success; a quality of the Sisyphus figure.
L'aube
Dawn; the first appearance of light in the sky before sunrise; often a moment of reflection or new beginning.
Le crépuscule
Twilight/Dusk; the soft diffused light from the sky when the sun is below the horizon, either before sunrise or after sunset.
Le désert
The desert; a dry, desolate region; can symbolize emptiness, isolation, or the harshness of existence.
La parole
Speech/Word; the faculty or art of speaking; often crucial for communication and understanding.
Le silence de la mer
The silence of the sea; a thematic reference to the indifferent, silent universe or lack of divine presence, echoing in many of Camus's works.
L'explication
Explanation; a statement or account that makes something clear; often sought but rarely found for the absurd.
Le remords
Remorse; deep regret or guilt for a wrong committed; a psychological consequence of actions.
L'angoisse
Anguish/Anxiety; severe mental or physical pain or suffering; a common existential feeling.