Unit 5: Economic Importance of Bacteria and Fungi - Bacteria and its Economic Importance

Vocabulary flashcards covering the study of bacteria, their shapes, structural arrangements, dimensions, and biological roles from the lecture notes.

Prokaryotes

Primitive single-celled organisms whose genetic material is dispersed in the central region of the cytoplasm without a nuclear membrane, thereby lacking a true nucleus.

Cocci

Spherical bacteria.

Bacilli

Rod-shaped bacteria.

Spirilla

Spiral or twisted bacteria.

Vibrio

Comma-shaped bacteria.

Diplococci

Bacteria occurring in pairs.

Streptococci

Bacteria occurring in long chains.

Staphylococci

Bacteria occurring in clusters or bunches.

Micrometre

A unit of length equal to one thousandth of a millimetre ($1\,\text{micrometre} = \frac{1}{1000}\,\text{mm}$).

Average Bacterial Size

The average dimensions of a bacterial cell, measuring $2\,\text{micrometres}$ long and $0.5\,\text{micrometre}$ thick.

Intestinal Bacteria

Beneficial bacteria occurring inside the intestines that synthesise certain vitamins, such as vitamin B.

Skin Bacteria

Bacteria normally living on human skin that serve a beneficial role by preventing the growth of harmful bacteria.