Oxidation and Reduction Reactions of Carbonyl Compounds

A set of vocabulary flashcards summarizing key terms and definitions related to oxidation and reduction reactions of carbonyl compounds.

Severe Oxidation

The process in which carbonyl compounds are oxidized, often involving reagents like Cr₂O₇²⁻ and H₂SO₄.

Mild Oxidation

A method used to distinguish between aldehydes and ketones, in which aldehydes react while ketones do not.

Fehling Test

A test that confirms the presence of aldehydes by producing a red precipitate of Cu₂O.

Tollen's Reagent

An alkaline solution of silver nitrate that tests for aldehydes, producing a silver mirror upon oxidation.

Clemenson's Reduction

A severe reduction reaction using Zn-Hg (Zinc amalgam) to convert carbonyl compounds into alkanes.

Aldol Condensation Reaction

A reaction between two carbonyl compounds that have alpha-hydrogens, resulting in a beta-hydroxy carbonyl compound.

Haloform Reaction

A reaction that forms haloforms from aldehydes and methyl ketones when treated with halogens and a base.

Reducing Agent

A substance that donates electrons in a reaction, reducing the oxidation state of another substance.

Oxidizing Agent

A substance that gains electrons in a chemical reaction, increasing the oxidation state of another substance.

Aldehyde

A type of carbonyl compound with a carbon atom bonded to a hydrogen atom and a carbon or carbon chain.

Ketone

A carbonyl compound where the carbon atom in the carbonyl group is bonded to two other carbon atoms.