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Fallow deer
Deer type that tends to leap into the air when handled in a pen, usually worked through a special crush.
Wapiti deer
Very large deer type usually handled in a race and crush.
Red deer
Deer type often handled in a darkened pen with a low ceiling or run through a race and crush.
Prey species
Deer are prey species, alert, vigilant, and curious, investigating novel objects in their environment.
Social hierarchy
Farmed deer exhibit a strong social hierarchy structured around highly seasonal annual breeding patterns.
Rut
Period during mating season when males gather a herd or harem, often fighting for possession.
Calving
During calving, newborn fawns tend to seek cover or hide and should not be weaned before 12 weeks of age.
Visual communication
Deer primarily communicate visually using body posture, head, neck, tail positions, and locomotion.
Deer senses
Deer have good eyesight, a wide field of view, good night vision, and can hear high-pitched sounds up to 30,000 hertz.
Deer ears
Deer have large funnel-shaped ears that can move independently, identifying the source of sounds through a 150o arc.
Deer yards
Yards designed for deer should be solid-walled, darkened central area, with gates positioned for efficient handling.
Circular yard
Circular yards work well for deer due to their longer flight distance, providing many sorting options and reducing stress.
Deer husbandry procedures
Procedures include ear tagging, weighing, Tb testing, drafting, ultrasound scanning, DNA testing, health treatments, and antler removal.
