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Test for Carbonate
Add HNO3. Positive result is CO2 released. Test by bubbling through limewater (Limewater turns cloudy)
Test for Sulphate
Add HNO3, then BaCl2. Positive result is white precipitate forms (BaSO4)
Test for Chloride
Add HNO3, then AgNO3. Positive result is white precipitate forms (AgCl)
Test for Bromide
Add HNO3, then AgNO3. Positive result is cream precipitate forms (AgBr)
Test for Iodide
Add HNO3, then AgNO3. Positive result is yellow precipitate forms (AgI)
Test for Ammonium
Add NaOH and warm mixture. Positive result is damp red litmus paper turns blue
Order to test ions
1. Carbonates
2. Sulphates
3. Halides