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socialization
the lifelong social experience by which people develop their human potential and learn culture
personality
a persons fairly consistent patterns of acting, thinking, and feeling
id
the human beings basic drives (freud)
ego
a persons conscious efforts to balance innate pleasure-seeking drives with the demands of society (freud)
superego
the cultural values and norms internalized by an individual (freud)
sensorimotor stage
the level of human development which individuals experience the world only through their lenses (piaget)
preoperational stage
the level of human development which individuals first use language and other symbols (piaget)
concrete operational stage
the level of human development at which individuals first see casual connections in their surroundings (piaget)
formal operational stage
level of human development where individuals think abstractly and critically (piaget)
self
the part of a persons personality composed of self-awareness and self-image (George Herbert Mead)
looking-glass self
self-image based on how we think others see us (Cooley)
significant others
people, such as parents, who have special importance for socialization
generalized other
widespread cultural norms and values we use as references in evaluating ourselves (George Herbert Mead)
peer group
a social group whose members have interests, social position, and age in common
anticipatory socialization
learning that helps a person achieve a desired position
mass media
the means for delivering impersonal communications to a vast audience
gerontology
the study of aging and the elderly
gerontocracy
a form of social organization in which the elderly have the most wealth, power, and prestige
ageism
prejudice and discrimination against older people
cohort
a category of people with something in common, usually their age
total institution
a setting in which people are isolated from the rest of society and manipulated by an administrative staff
resocialization
radically changing an inmates personality by controlling the environment