Studied by 2 people
McCulloch v Maryland
Necessary and Proper Clause can be used to give nat gov leeway in using limited powers
Dred Scott v Sanford
Supreme Court declared Missouri Compromise unconstitutional; said Black ppl can't be US citizens and can't go to court
Arizona v US
Arizona tried to aggressively pursue undocu immigrants; 3rd law of requiring law enforcement to check immigration status if they were stopped was kept bc it supports pre-existing law
Clinton v City of NY
Bill Clinton made Line Item Veto Act to give pres line-item power but was ruled unconstitutional; violated Presentment Clause
Brown v Board of Education
convinced court that "separate" is not "equal" in education under Equal Protection Clause; supposedly the end of segregation
Lawrence v Texas
2003, legal gay sex
Obergefell v Hodges
legal same-sex marriages
NFIB v Sebelius
Affordable Care Act tried to expand Medicare but court saw spending as coercive and unconstitutional; individ mandate forcing people to buy insurance is unconstitutional; not part of pres' power to regulate
Wickard v Filburn
farmer violated quotas for growing wheat set by gov during great depression (wheat was for personal use); gov won bc growing wheat means not buying from the market and causing a market crash
US v Lopez
Congress tried to bun guns in schools but didn't have enough evidence to show that guns disrupt education and therefore commerce (limits under Commerce Clause); Since then, more open to state challenges to federal law
US v Nixon
Nixon withheld tape recordings of Watergate but court ruled exec privilege didn't work in a request for specific info and in criminal investigation
US v Curtiss-Wright Export Corp
FDR forbade selling to Bolivia, Corp continued to sell bc "embargo is illegal bc it involved lawmaking by pres and only Congress can make laws"; court said no, pres has sole power in foreign relations
Youngstown Sheet and Tube Co. v Sawyer
Truman seized steel mills to stop closing down to support war effort (Korean) but court says he must be able to justify actions by referring to powers granted explicitly in exec branch
Marbury v Madison
court invalidated part of congressional legislation to say that it had power of judicial review
Brandenburg v Ohio (KKK rally)
police arrested inciter but Court ruled he's protected bc possibility of successfully overthrowing gov is unlikely
District of Columbia v Heller
Court ruling for individ liberty; weapons regulations need to reach high burden to be constitutional
Miranda v Arizona
Court said police must remind citizens of right to remain silent; inform defendants about their rights
Dobbs v Jackson Women's Health
Court overturned Roe; right to abortion given to legislative process in states and Congress; justices argued that Roe was made wrongly in the first place bc abortion used to be banned OG
Buckley v Valeo
Court ruled campaign contributions and expenditures protected under 1st amendment; rich ppl having too much power isn't enough justification but court agreed to limit (appearance of) corruption
Cedar point nursery v Hassid
conflict in protections against taking of property in Constitution; Court overturned CA law that requires employers to allow union organizers access to employer’s property to speak with workers
Clinton v Jones
no presidential immunity from lawsuits
Hammer v Dagenhart
initial attempts to regulate child labor struck down by Court
Brnovich v Democratic National Committee
voting restrictions in Arizona caused dissents from liberal justices bc the restrictions were racist
NCAA v Alston
the national collegiate athletic association cannot restrict pay and benefits of student athletes
Ex Parte v McCardle
Congress took away jurisdiction to stop Court from reaching a decision that was against Congress' interests
Plessy v Ferguson
treating minorities and women differently by law is constitutional bc it's "separate but equal"
Parents Involved in Seattle Schools v Seattle School District No. 1
no affirmative action; system must be race-blind to be fair and equal
Masterpiece Cake Shop v Colorado Civil Rights Commission
christian wedding designer doesn’t want to make gay cake = illegal? Didn’t resolve broader issue
Batson v Kentucky
rules that prohibit striking jurors from trials based on race only
Mahanoy Area School v BL
1st Amendment prohibits school from punishing student for posts made off-campus that don’t jeopardize school mission
Barron v Baltimore
ruled that city policy didn’t violate 5th Amendment bc it doesn’t apply to the state
Palko v Connecticut
only parts of Bill of Rights apply to states (selective incorporation)
McDonald v Chicago
incorporated 2nd Amendment for right to bear arms; fundamental liberty
Timbs v Indiana
8th amendment, "excessive fines"
NY State Rifle and Pistol Association v Bruen
right to gun goes beyond special locations, can carry outside of home as fundamental right
Roe v Wade
women can abort early on, states can regulate later on
Citizens United / SpeechNow.org v Fed Election Commission
no limit on independent expenditures
Chiafalo v Washington
states can pass laws that force electors to vote for pop vote winner in state
NYTimes v Sullivan
city official failed to sue NYT for ad with minor inaccuracies (unable to prove ad was written falsely intentionally)
CA, et al. v Texas
no penalty for individ mandate means that NFIB v Sebelius ruling doesn't apply anymore --> Court ruled that plaintiffs lacked standing to sue bc didn’t suffer injury from individ mandate
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