Cell Bio Lecture

Parts of Cell

Nucleus, Cell Membrane Plasma, Cytoplasm

Nucleus

DNA genetic material

Cytoplasm

Internal environment: cytosol

Plasma Membrane

Creates semi permeable barrier to water soluble

RMP

Generated by K+ Na+ (3 Na out 2 K in) in nervous tissue & muscle

Action Potential

Neurotransmitters release at synapse, and release due to Ca stimulates receptors and must reach threshold -55 mV

Depolarization

Influx Na+ will trigger Voltage Gated Sodium Channels to open threshold closes +30 mV when Na+ close

Repolarization Wave

K+ enflux Na+ closes the K+ gates open releasing K+ from the cell

Aerobic respiration

ATP o2 glucose uses: Glycolysis, Mitochondrion, Electron Transport Chain, Kreb’s Cycle

Polysacachrides

Glucose breaking down into 2 ATP 2 pyruvic acid, 2 NADH in cytoplasm

Glycolysis

Glucose is broken down into 2 ATP 2 pyruvic acid 2 NADH

Enzymes

Salivary Amylase, Pancreatic, Brush bolder

Glycogenolysis

Breakdown of glycogen at the liver and skeletal muscle

Lipolysis

Produce 2 Acetyl Co-A for every fatty acid but then changes to ketones

Proteins

Urea Cycle which is eliminated jn urine

Telomeres

End segments on DNA strand that allow the DNA to be replicated

Exons

Coding segments of DNA that gives us traits

Introns

Non-coding segments of DNA that us our traits

Epigenome

Covering of the genes this will activate or deactivate the gene

DNA Restriction

Nutrition, available space, hormones, age, genetics

Crossover

Only occurs in internal chromosomes in Tetrad

Meiosis

Has 2